tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-52581570936330674712024-02-21T03:30:58.432-08:00Sovachana PouSovachana Pouhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02414740236454935245noreply@blogger.comBlogger64125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5258157093633067471.post-41856738721485090062023-08-18T17:02:00.001-07:002023-08-18T17:04:10.024-07:00លោកប៉ារបស់ខ្ញុំ<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmYXIckgWwpHahOU6Wl0TvmOyIpZsC6r1knqryOEv9kVpH15IhifMrdBK1QYCbBP88OhpQ4F0WqodwbycKc7eP5mBjSRZ96GkaD7B5QdEzoArRxAnNLdT8pwQjqoD0ctCL3voMksAykaq-dSfsMJgfddSnr0X1O-hP-tkJTrOGhPZSq0or0ClaiX7YIhk1/s1599/IMG_2468.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1599" data-original-width="1155" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmYXIckgWwpHahOU6Wl0TvmOyIpZsC6r1knqryOEv9kVpH15IhifMrdBK1QYCbBP88OhpQ4F0WqodwbycKc7eP5mBjSRZ96GkaD7B5QdEzoArRxAnNLdT8pwQjqoD0ctCL3voMksAykaq-dSfsMJgfddSnr0X1O-hP-tkJTrOGhPZSq0or0ClaiX7YIhk1/s320/IMG_2468.jpeg" width="231" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; 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margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMwec1-lY8Bx40J0Kzx1xgwIiWZIxUfnd9YhcDSjB5bUKIaX6nlU92wi0baYnKa2Dm9mbsFDyMFgLkQFb4OwOaYUd164GJ4QaCrbGi_e9UthCH7j9_5ZKL6zajg1jFGn_gHTqe4GgUhDYTIVjaspxmiwEpW1e-JRxRqBtc-gc-GZC0Ecg0nmUF9BIjvQ/s320/341772221_891921542105939_5536310905571888506_n.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1EAFe7Q0Yv3L1cMwblcLJgt0FYPN6ruG3zNpgczfwfLwo4namwcVIJz0kDwSHH-HtdzPX17s3fTmmyRsDVW5AGCFifeVd-TVzQ-J_SEIutGqN3bZWovw8TkeNL8fBDACF2PXuTln4bI2mHEiZpleelSp0hq4q6613NU4p1CnpfShMbf4CwshBDsb5PQ/s2048/341817097_1447616099107401_5067446475970269377_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1EAFe7Q0Yv3L1cMwblcLJgt0FYPN6ruG3zNpgczfwfLwo4namwcVIJz0kDwSHH-HtdzPX17s3fTmmyRsDVW5AGCFifeVd-TVzQ-J_SEIutGqN3bZWovw8TkeNL8fBDACF2PXuTln4bI2mHEiZpleelSp0hq4q6613NU4p1CnpfShMbf4CwshBDsb5PQ/s320/341817097_1447616099107401_5067446475970269377_n.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxQLltOA6qw7LdKCL22DW5jrLFE4QNJTKdmSw8U6TZ5YNBDjUdMseH4GyvLwvvHRSMKqb-Ad7Ke1zSc4kwAK0yWrqLFvI1itFF2gTor81L_O9g08M9toHH7pi6YoPC6_w2To-9aaMSgJKBGpYABcXjryDhwkeg9z28lg6mQZRwliENOppsqvmiVn2Asg/s2048/342174252_904235247305040_8344598073538612479_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxQLltOA6qw7LdKCL22DW5jrLFE4QNJTKdmSw8U6TZ5YNBDjUdMseH4GyvLwvvHRSMKqb-Ad7Ke1zSc4kwAK0yWrqLFvI1itFF2gTor81L_O9g08M9toHH7pi6YoPC6_w2To-9aaMSgJKBGpYABcXjryDhwkeg9z28lg6mQZRwliENOppsqvmiVn2Asg/s320/342174252_904235247305040_8344598073538612479_n.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;">Pictures taken at the pagoda Pudtamonkol</div><div style="text-align: center;">Remembering the Tragedy of Killing Fields</div><p></p><p><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">April 17, 1975</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> is</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">a</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> day of remembrance of the suffering of all Cambodian people who lost their families, relatives, friends and compatriots during the Pol Pot’s brutal regime. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Monks conduct </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Bangsokol and</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> survivors </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">pay tribute to them</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> at </span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">pagoda</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> Pudtamonkol</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">With the severity of the crimes – the crimes of all crimes – many victims </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">will </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">n</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">ever </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">f</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">orget and will </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">n</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">ever </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">f</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">orgive the Khmer Rouge</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> murderers.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Cambodia shouldn’t “bury the past” and those perpetrators should be held accountable for their crimes. </span></p><p><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Forty-eight years later, as I look back, I realize that t</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">ime do</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">es</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> not wait for anyon</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">e</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">. I often ask</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> myself</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">what</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> is my definition of living </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">(</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">a meaningful life</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">? Is living my day-to-day experience fit my definition of living? With the education</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">knowledge</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">, and training</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> I have, I can't close my eye and pretend I am blind; I can't close my mouth and pretend I am dumb; I </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">can’t </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">close my ear and pretend I am deaf against so much injustice,</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> <span lang="EN-US">cruelty, and insatiable greed of political leaders. </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Let me share what really trouble me: “</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">My mother along with two brothers and two sisters</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">are</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> dead </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">while</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">many of the Khmer Rouge cadres who ordered</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> and engaged</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> in stabbing children, </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">killing and </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">beating people to death, starving them, and denying </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">them </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">medical help</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">are living freely under the pseudonym of peace and reconciliation”.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> Is Karma </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">e</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">rroneous? How could this </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">callousness</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">, brutality, </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">cruelty, inhumanity </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">and injustice occur?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> What happened to the rule of law?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">What happened to the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC) known as the Khmer Rouge Tribunal? </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">After</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><span lang="EN-US">spending </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">US$</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">337</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> millio</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">n</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> 16 years</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">and </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">mired in claims of political interference</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">, <span style="background-color: white;">o</span></span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">nly three Khmer Rouge leaders ha</span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">d been </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">sentenced.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> To date, only Khieu Samphan, 92, Chief of State, is serving life sentence brings to account for all the suffering the Khmer Rouge caused, while convicted</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> Khmer Rouge’s No. 2 leader and chief ideologist</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Nuon Chea died in 2019 at the age of 93</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">, and convicted </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Prison chief Kaing Guek Eav, known as Duch</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">, </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">died in 2020 at age 77 while serving a life sentence.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0cm;"><o:p></o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">I realize t</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">here simply is no adequate answer</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">. These questions call for a response. My definition of living is to find justice and uncover the truth for the death of my mother, two brothers, and two sisters (even if I have to do this alone). </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Without justice and truth, there can be no </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">real </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">reconciliation</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> and genuine peace.</span></p>Sovachana Pouhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02414740236454935245noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5258157093633067471.post-87108884883702085822023-04-09T09:22:00.000-07:002023-04-09T09:22:58.803-07:00In the Struggle for Preserving Cultural Identity - Words Matter<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2P3VdKcDNZgjGEeOmu4PKGnH9qSJlKYj4yMvm02lA9lh2LB_5V1aerXnHwPyo4plaWJumpJZHdtdhTzWPQuzONbzTlog3fcnwOuuvdySFke0JaZ0CsxoSM7h8lThu_a6G2Kod4PYg83MrLbcyAJlkwFklq3O61elAVWPjdEVk86Vuf3BnvlbXWZuk5w/s4032/IMG_9566.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3024" data-original-width="4032" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2P3VdKcDNZgjGEeOmu4PKGnH9qSJlKYj4yMvm02lA9lh2LB_5V1aerXnHwPyo4plaWJumpJZHdtdhTzWPQuzONbzTlog3fcnwOuuvdySFke0JaZ0CsxoSM7h8lThu_a6G2Kod4PYg83MrLbcyAJlkwFklq3O61elAVWPjdEVk86Vuf3BnvlbXWZuk5w/s320/IMG_9566.jpeg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhebvIbRDmyhUim66gMziuas09r7thB1w-P64qnEN-hyF8nRV78cPHc27VjVY7SwPzOTj_Q7GNLKXtsbZKjevpINXLxgkTUpoXYb08p63QBHAYDYGUG_afWVJ2YMG2FpICcG7OpzQ9CxBJtqPhnyv5tU-NhibHwGFiiCQYqq4Yc6fC-VINb0MEOQDZaFw/s4032/IMG_9568.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3024" data-original-width="4032" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhebvIbRDmyhUim66gMziuas09r7thB1w-P64qnEN-hyF8nRV78cPHc27VjVY7SwPzOTj_Q7GNLKXtsbZKjevpINXLxgkTUpoXYb08p63QBHAYDYGUG_afWVJ2YMG2FpICcG7OpzQ9CxBJtqPhnyv5tU-NhibHwGFiiCQYqq4Yc6fC-VINb0MEOQDZaFw/s320/IMG_9568.jpeg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDPiqjmI5CgcKage_fDyZUGxxV7qqOR_I52YgV1rpWefL0f8I7iFEi4mnEZdY2mNF7BIs50hb-XoJp1rQW9y_QkXBpPSU0T7YQojIe8ww4QzoqfxaOAjwtO5Orw7sSkhn-Uk1-2A6odLOJn9oqITQaCicSAeTNqf4qpUUlE3l7t2hJbLvKoh2DxWp66A/s2833/IMG_9670.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1384" data-original-width="2833" height="156" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDPiqjmI5CgcKage_fDyZUGxxV7qqOR_I52YgV1rpWefL0f8I7iFEi4mnEZdY2mNF7BIs50hb-XoJp1rQW9y_QkXBpPSU0T7YQojIe8ww4QzoqfxaOAjwtO5Orw7sSkhn-Uk1-2A6odLOJn9oqITQaCicSAeTNqf4qpUUlE3l7t2hJbLvKoh2DxWp66A/s320/IMG_9670.jpeg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6d1FdCJko-91QFWEb2G0BeDgsCNbb85nM-olSrcgBD30nwhJZyC2er6vt3HZ7HT48fKNs3hLN2kNc3X1hrYFqS1XGzy5L3qmiKDg3VPrWV4OkzMSmZ17V95swdGHOFRVZiOa5pAns50U2caXggeBjqdBjxs2fgZ2sWpGkZ9AZ0Hqjp9ARc0PZprWoMQ/s4032/IMG_9678.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3024" data-original-width="4032" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6d1FdCJko-91QFWEb2G0BeDgsCNbb85nM-olSrcgBD30nwhJZyC2er6vt3HZ7HT48fKNs3hLN2kNc3X1hrYFqS1XGzy5L3qmiKDg3VPrWV4OkzMSmZ17V95swdGHOFRVZiOa5pAns50U2caXggeBjqdBjxs2fgZ2sWpGkZ9AZ0Hqjp9ARc0PZprWoMQ/s320/IMG_9678.jpeg" width="320" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;">Pictures Taken at City of Long Beach on March 7, 2023 and March 21, 2023</div><p><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Sixth District Councilwoman</span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> of Long Beach Suely Saro</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> has made</span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">, what I feel, is a callous calculated political decision. </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">She </span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">with her supporters wish </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">to change “<i>Chol Chanam Thmei</i>”</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">(Khmer New Year) to “<i>Sangkranta</i>” in the name of inclusion </span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">at the cost of Cambodian exclusion – to</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> align </span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">with </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">the celebration </span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">of</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> Thai and Laotian communities. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">To set the record straight, </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">“<i>Chol Chnam Thmei”</i> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">has been the traditional </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">and popular </span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">description of the Khmer New Year </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">for many generations while “S<i>angkran</i></span><i style="background-color: white; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">ta</span></i><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">” is the first day of the Khmer New Year. Keeping the origin</span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">al</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> word</span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">s</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> “Chol Chnam Thmei” allow</span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">s</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> us to maintain </span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Cambodian</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> tradition and preserve our unique</span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> and authentic</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> culture.</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Her</span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> unilateral</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> decision </span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">to adopt the word “<i>Sangkranta</i>”, while well-meaning, does not address the majority of the </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">community voices and the elders</span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">’ </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">concerns</span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> about loss of cultural identity, </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">has </span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">major </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">ramifications for </span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">our </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Khmer community in Long Beach.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> Besides dividing the community and affecting the younger generation, this change anguish the elders deeply and confuse many.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">After living though unimaginable atrocities</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> of the Killing Fields</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">, many Cambodian</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">s</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">are still haunted by the deep mental and emotional damage of war. We are also </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">traumatized by sensing</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">that </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">our</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> culture</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> is being blended into a melting pot of inclusiveness and losing its unique identity</span><s><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">.</span></s><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> This cultural vulnerability </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">has been part of our identity</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> and survival</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Dr. David Kinzie </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Professor of Psychiatry, clinician, and researcher</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> at Oregon Health and Science University</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">, </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">found that “<i>t</i></span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">he treatment of severely traumatized Cambodian refugees is a difficult task. Through an understanding of the patient's culture and the posttraumatic stress disorder, </span></i><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">the author</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> recommends several treatment approaches. These include: supportive long-term therapy, case management, reinforcing traditional values, socialization group therapy, and specific medication. Through a sensitive, flexible approach, the Western practitioner can greatly reduce the suffering of these patients</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">” (</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">David Kinzie, J. Therapeutic approaches to traumatized Cambodian refugees. <i>J Trauma Stress</i> 2, 75–91 (1989).</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-indent: 36pt;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-indent: 36pt;">The manifestation of the </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-indent: 36pt;">historical </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-indent: 36pt;">trauma</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-indent: 36pt;">, the recurring nightmares</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-indent: 36pt;"> and the exacerbation of </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-indent: 36pt;">losing our cultural identity</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-indent: 36pt;">continue to haunt </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-indent: 36pt;">us, even decades after the dissolution of the Khmer Rouge regime. After studying</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-indent: 36pt;"> specific stressful factors associated with Cambodian refugees and their vulnerability to pathology from a</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-indent: 36pt;"> sociological constructivist framework, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-indent: 36pt;">Cambodian medical sociologist</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-indent: 36pt;"> Dr. Leakhena Nou</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-indent: 36pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-indent: 36pt;">found the Khmer stress process to be a complex phenomenon influenced by various social, cultural, environmental, historical, and political factors that subject the Cambodian people to pathology and adjustment difficulties. This complicated context influences respondents' perceptions of several important stressors (negative life events and daily hassles) that are related to the effects of the Khmer Rouge and resettlement difficulties, including </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-indent: 36pt;">such examples as </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-indent: 36pt;">lack of trust among Cambodians, destruction of Khmer culture and identity, the existence of social injustice and corruption in Cambodian society, feeling socially</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-indent: 36pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-indent: 36pt;">outcast and without a sense of belonging in the United States, and lacking education and the basic resources for survival</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-indent: 36pt;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-indent: 36pt;">(</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-indent: 36pt;">Nou, L. (2006) A qualitative examination of the psychosocial adjustment of Khmer refugees in three Massachusetts communities. Occasional papers, Institute for Asian American Studies. Boston: University of Massachusetts</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-indent: 36pt;">)</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; text-indent: 36pt;">. </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Forty-four years after the Cambodian mass atrocity, while the people of Cambodia experienced unthinkable trauma, the rest of the world did little to help. It seemed to me like nobody knew and nobody care about Cambodia. Now while the City Council of Long Beach voted unanimously (7-0) in favor of recognition of “<i>Long Beach Sangkranta 2023</i>”, the Vice Mayor and other six City Council Officials were unaware of the harmful feelings of many Cambodia elders. In a public forum at the City of Long Beach on March 7, 2023 and March 21, 2023 more than forty elders made our voices heard – loud and clear – that the deconstruction of the Cambodian National identity since ancient times and resettlement in the U.S. in the mid 1970s has no place in our community. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0cm; text-indent: 36pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">One <b style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;">centenarian </b><span lang="EN-US"><b>Cambodian lady </b>reminded the Mayor and other the City Council Officials of Long Beach openly and succinctly about the gravity of her deep trauma: “<i>I rather die than losing my culture”. </i>It is clear that this change has struck a chord – Words Matter. Cultural Identity Matter Most to the Cambodian Elders. </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background-color: white; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0cm;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span></p>Sovachana Pouhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02414740236454935245noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5258157093633067471.post-21377352814660182852023-03-31T13:14:00.000-07:002023-03-31T13:14:52.031-07:00Reflecting on the Cambodian Genocide Model Curriculum <p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><b style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><br /></span></b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgENj_a9UE-b4E6Tuu1FSstab4d7Q8vyuo6qABjI_Mue9fiT8IfcEvV1h7Grkn_B8MS2xTJn2KAl7DF9KVksyrjVnVsF3dItpnEOVj818Xlv4IaC8ACZIRZp0bA3iAM14iWEyhRnOUVcVI76g8bzeqUKwJI89iUYRhG5MB4JX8Npj6HXFJ4HP5CQApF4w/s2045/Cambodian%20Genocide%20Model%20Curriculum%20Oct%2015,%202022%201%202.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2045" data-original-width="1630" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgENj_a9UE-b4E6Tuu1FSstab4d7Q8vyuo6qABjI_Mue9fiT8IfcEvV1h7Grkn_B8MS2xTJn2KAl7DF9KVksyrjVnVsF3dItpnEOVj818Xlv4IaC8ACZIRZp0bA3iAM14iWEyhRnOUVcVI76g8bzeqUKwJI89iUYRhG5MB4JX8Npj6HXFJ4HP5CQApF4w/s320/Cambodian%20Genocide%20Model%20Curriculum%20Oct%2015,%202022%201%202.jpg" width="255" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgs3jJl9f5Q9_o9i0YLRQKTjAsxzJZKFVb1UIvsYu_ESqRxornYCfZG2pz6XTvaiuWhO_BBiqnryyCSUZX0g_SPkLpzxoovV3mG8jAKpBcmUlvJAuanMkAQHqO2NSsTE0uUlTijRgk65OGG8AmMMn2LHuKrIUstnH-OpWnBvRfKOxLnqT1Rsw2LskISfQ/s1035/Cambodian%20Genocide.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1035" data-original-width="800" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgs3jJl9f5Q9_o9i0YLRQKTjAsxzJZKFVb1UIvsYu_ESqRxornYCfZG2pz6XTvaiuWhO_BBiqnryyCSUZX0g_SPkLpzxoovV3mG8jAKpBcmUlvJAuanMkAQHqO2NSsTE0uUlTijRgk65OGG8AmMMn2LHuKrIUstnH-OpWnBvRfKOxLnqT1Rsw2LskISfQ/s320/Cambodian%20Genocide.jpg" width="247" /></a></div><br /></b></div>Reflecting on The Cambodian Genocide Model Curriculum</span></b><br /><p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0cm;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> </span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0cm; text-align: start;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">As a survivor of the brutal Khmer Rouge regime, community member of Long Beach, educator and parent, I have a civic obligation to my son and the K-12 students to give a first-hand account of the issues facing the Cambodian Genocide Model Curriculum (administrated by the Orange County Department of Education (OCDE) under Assembly Bill AB 167) based on my participation and observation at the engagement sessions and zoom meeting with OCDE.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; text-align: start;"><b><span lang="EN-US">Engagement Sessions and Meeting with OCDE<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; text-align: start;"><span lang="EN-US">O</span>n October 18, 2022 and<span lang="EN-US"> November 15, 2022,</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span>I attended the two engagement sessions of the Cambodian Genocide Model Curriculum at Mark Twain Library. <span lang="EN-US">I also attended the two engagement sessions held </span>on January 17, 2023 at Whittier Elementary school <span lang="EN-US">by Long Beach School District. All the engagement sessions were run by OCDE with the aim to listen and gather all perspectives and voices of community members, educators, and survivors of the Cambodian genocide. During the first two sessions at Mark Twain Library, there were about ten to fifteen Cambodian attendees which include Khmer Parent Association (KPA)’ president as a host and members, elders, parents, community members, and students. To my knowledge, n</span>o pre-registration and <span lang="EN-US">limited </span>announcement <span lang="EN-US">were made </span>to the public. <span lang="EN-US">I noticed some attendees were invited by the KPA who support the curriculum without thinking deeply about the ramification of the content and the inclusiveness of the larger Cambodian public with different backgrounds. T</span>he presenter didn't explain <span lang="EN-US">the Assembly Bill </span>AB 167 in detail with regards to who was behind the bill and what was the intention<span lang="EN-US"> to adopt this laser focus study on “the Cambodian Genocide” while the Vietnamese community adopt “The Vietnamese American Refugee Experience and the Hmong “Hmong History and Cultural Study”. </span>Her main interest <span lang="EN-US">was </span>moving the agenda forward without <span lang="EN-US">fully </span>addressing the community voice<span lang="EN-US">s, questions, and concerns</span>. <span lang="EN-US">She was not receptive to my and others’ perspectives about limiting the curriculum on the genocide by stating “she was only a messenger and the Cambodian Genocide model curriculum is better than nothing”. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; text-align: start;"><span lang="EN-US">At </span>Whittier Elementary school<span lang="EN-US">, </span>I received the announcement of the Cambodian Genocide Model Curriculum engagement session from my son's school (Barton Elementary)<span lang="EN-US">. There were thirty to forty Cambodian attendees (presenter at Mark Twain Library, KPA members, students, parents, elders, community leaders) who voiced their concerns about the label of the Cambodian Genocide model curriculum neglecting the Cambodian American refugees who have enhanced the social, academic, economic, and cultural scenes of California and across the U.S.. The presenter paid more attention to the audience’ anguishes. He encouraged the audience to share their perspectives, ask questions, speak up and air their discontents. I shared with him that OCDE doesn’t need to re-invent the wheel when we have tons of research on this topic. I took the liberty to show him and the audience about so many studies of the Cambodian Genocide that have been published. The presenter from Mark Twain Library took a picture of the book “Cambodian Genocide” edited by Paul Bartrop that I brought with me to share with her team. The presenter at Whittier Elementary School said he will take note and pass our concerns to OCDE. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; text-align: start;"><span lang="EN-US">On February 9, 2023, I participated in zoom meeting with three scholars and OCDE’s coordinators to respond to “<i>our concerns about the framing and title of the Cambodian Genocide</i> <i>Model Curriculum”.</i> To my surprise and to keep the record straight and transparent, Dr. Marika Manos the leading coordinator charged with executing OCDE model curriculum has been pre-warned about the psychological impact to reduce the curriculum of Cambodia’s rich history and mixed legacy to a tragic period of three years, eight months, and twenty days (1975-1979). Medical Sociologist/Professor Leakhena Nou from California State University, Long Beach, wrote: “</span><i>In my e-mail to Dr. Manos dated June 9, 2022, I noted that this labeling could inadvertently reinforce hegemonic colonized mechanisms and frameworks and exacerbate harmful residual effects of the genocide. As a professor/faculty advisor who works with young Cambodian American students daily, I know they have no desire to identify with this tragic part of their culture’s history. Furthermore, labeling the curriculum as such limits the possibility of a more comprehensive Cambodian historical narrative beyond the legacy of the Khmer Roug</i><i><span lang="EN-US">e</span>. Labeling theory emphasizes that groups with power have control over and what or who is considered a certain way. Forever shackling Cambodians with the "genocide" label is equivalent to reducing all people of Jewish descent with the “holocaust” la</i><i><span lang="EN-US">bel.”</span></i><span lang="EN-US"> Yet OCDE has decided to move ahead with the execution of the objectives ignoring the forewarning and the psychological impact of the Cambodian Genocide model curriculum. I am disturbed with OCDE on how we are devalued despite our sincere effort and desire to protect and preserve our mixed legacy and history of the Cambodian people. It is regrettable that OCDE has used the engagement sessions at </span>Mark Twain Library<span lang="EN-US"> and Whittier Elementary school as a tool to rubber stamp the project disregarding our voices and genuine concerns.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; text-align: start;"><b><span lang="EN-US">Issues with the Cambodian Genocide Model Curriculum and Psychological Impact<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; text-align: start;"><span lang="EN-US">To begin with, </span>the <span lang="EN-US">use of </span>term <span lang="EN-US">“</span>genocide<span lang="EN-US">”</span> in Cambodia is controversial<span lang="EN-US"> and subjected to debate</span>. <span lang="EN-US">Genocide usually has been carried against a foreign race but the new masters of Cambodia killed their own people. According to Judge Jean-Marc Lavergne (<i>Justice and Reconciliation in Cambodia</i>) and Former Khmer Rouge Tribunal’s C</span>hief of the Public Affairs Section <span lang="EN-US">Helen Jarvis (<i>Cambodian Genocide, The Essential Reference Guide</i>)</span> many of the crimes committed by the K<span lang="EN-US">hmer </span>R<span lang="EN-US">ouge</span> may not easily be termed genocide in its strict legal sense (UN convention 1948 definition) and singling out the Khmer Rouge regime (Democratic of Kampuchea) ignores the deaths and mass crimes that occurred <b>before</b> (the U.S. secret bombing in Cambodia 1969-1973 <span lang="EN-US">authorized by </span>Nixon and Kissinger, credible estimate <span lang="EN-US">sets </span>civilian fatalities at<span lang="EN-US"> more 300,000) </span>and <b>after </b>(the Liberation/<span lang="EN-US">O</span>ccupation of Vietnam in <span lang="EN-US">Cambodia</span>, 1979-1989, <span lang="EN-US">had a </span>heavy toll on both sides<span lang="EN-US">).</span> Genocide refers here to the crimes of the Khmer Rouge. “The Cambodian Genocide” is used in a <span lang="EN-US">‘all-purpose’</span>sense, in full awareness of the controversies surrounding its legal and temporal constraints. While it is easy to blame the Khmer Rouge for these atrocities <span lang="EN-US">of at least 1.7 million deaths (source: Documentation Center of Cambodia), </span>researchers often find it hard to provide exact figures of the number killed due to the bombing of Cambodia by American forces from 1969<span lang="EN-US"> - 1973 and the Vietnamese occupation/liberation from 1979-1989. I am curious as why the number of Cambodians who died before and after the Khmer Rouge took power has been less researched? The important point I am trying to make here is: Cambodia has suffered unimaginable horrors and those horrors should be part of a curriculum but not the defining history of the people and culture. There needs to be a broader approach than just teaching the “Cambodian Genocide” which focus solely on victims and perpetrators duality.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; text-align: start;"><span lang="EN-US">It</span> is important that Cambodian <span lang="EN-US">G</span>enocide model curriculum be clearly understood by the <span lang="EN-US">community and the </span>young generation. The <span lang="EN-US">whole </span>truth <span lang="EN-US">about the Cambodian bloodbath sociology </span>should be known. The suffering, killing, and trauma must be explained and completely understood to avoid such horrors <span lang="EN-US">to </span>never happen again - "Never Again"<span lang="EN-US"> (</span><span style="background-color: white;">The phrase originate</span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white;">d</span><span style="background-color: white;"> from a 1927 poem by Yitzhak Lamdan which stated "Never again shall Masada fall!"</span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white;">)</span>. Therefore it cannot be taught only during the Khmer Rouge regime (1975-1979) but before 1975 (U<span lang="EN-US">.</span>S<span lang="EN-US">.</span> bombing in Cambodia) and after 1979 (the Vietnamese liberation/<span lang="EN-US">occupation</span> of Cambodia) to give <span lang="EN-US">K-12 </span>students the complete <span lang="EN-US">and accurate history </span>of the Cambodian <span lang="EN-US">G</span>enocide. <span lang="EN-US">For example, </span>Some <span lang="EN-US">prominent </span>scholars <span lang="EN-US">(William Shawcross, author of the book “Sideshow”, </span>Samantha Power<span lang="EN-US">, </span>American journalist, diplomat and government official<span lang="EN-US">, author of the book “A Problem From Hell”)</span>suggest that the B-52 U<span lang="EN-US">.</span>S<span lang="EN-US">.</span> bombing polarized and radicalized Cambodian society, contributing to the harsh policies implemented when the Khmer Rouge took power. <o:p></o:p></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; text-align: start;"><span lang="EN-US">W</span>ith due respect to <span lang="EN-US">W</span>estern scholars, I <span lang="EN-US">strongly </span>believe they are not familiar with the Cambodian socio/cultural/linguistic/politics and the entrenched history. They lack understanding of the important local nuances and context. <span lang="EN-US">They view the history of Cambodia from the comfort of desktop research and/or limited fieldwork mostly to Phnom Penh rather than in the rural area where the majority of the victims live - </span>one-side<span lang="EN-US"> - </span>neocolonial approach. <span lang="EN-US">It is essential to engage and encourage </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">khmer scholarship to tell </span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">and write </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">our own story </span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">rather than</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"> rel</span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">ying </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">on outsiders</span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">.</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; margin: 0cm; text-align: start;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Furthermore, </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">I</span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> want to be</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> as honest as I can be</span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Outsiders</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> have </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">limited</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> idea how painful it was because </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">they</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> are not Khmer and </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">they</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> didn’t live unde</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">r</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> Pol Pot to </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">grasp</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> the full </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">magnitude of the </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">horror</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> and unspeakable suffering</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">. Victims like myself are </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">still traumatized and are </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">afraid of</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> recurring dreams, and nightmares. The</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> Khmer Rouge regime was our worst nightmare that become a </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">living</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> reality</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">. The Pol Pot syndrome continues to haunt me and other survivors daily</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Dr. David Kinzie of Oregon Health and Science University labeled Cambodians’ PTSD as “a wound that will never heal.” </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">I argue that emotions are perceived differently by Cambodians and </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">outsiders</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> by the meaning of the Cambodian Genocide model curriculum. In the process of translation both linguistically and conceptually, the meaning assigned to emotion and trauma are lost in the contest. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">For example, the Cambodian Genocide Model curriculum translated in Khmer is degrading </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 10pt;">“</span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "Khmer OS"; font-size: 10pt;">វគ្គជំនួបកម្មវិធីសិក្សាគំរូនៃអំពើប្រល័យពូជសាសន៍កម្ពុជា</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 10pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 10pt;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">– curriculum centered on tragedy, violence, anger, and hatred. It </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">portrays </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Cambodian </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">race as </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">brutal, ruthless, and barbarian. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">The </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Khmer </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">nuance here cannot be understood by a</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">n outsider. The label “The Cambodian Genocide Model Curriculum” is not only harmful to my son and the young generation but also hurtful to the larger Cambodian public.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; text-align: start;"><span lang="EN-US">In conclusion,<b> </b>I write this reflection </span>because I don’t want my son and the young generation study only about one painful side of history and ancestry. I don't wish to see the Killing Fie<span lang="EN-US">l</span>ds story continues to dominate the narrative of <span lang="EN-US">Cambodia’s past grandeur and historical mixed legacy</span>. Moreover, Cambodia hasn't gotten to the heart of the genocide because<span lang="EN-US"> the </span>Extraordinary Chamber in the Courts<span lang="EN-US"> of Cambodia (ECCC</span>) has failed to deliver full accountability and real justice to the victims after 1<span lang="EN-US">7</span> years, spending $337 million, political interference from former Khmer Rouge <span lang="EN-US">C</span>ommander with only 3 judgments<span lang="EN-US">.</span> The rise and the fall of the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia in the context of wartime political turmoil (U<span lang="EN-US">.</span>S<span lang="EN-US">.</span>bombing<span lang="EN-US">, China full support to the Khmer Rouge</span> and Vietnamese <span lang="EN-US">l</span>iberation<span lang="EN-US">/occupation</span>) need to be fully exposed and how this violent regime instigated the Killing Fields. <span lang="EN-US">The pursuit of truth and justice for more than 1.7 million victims continues today despite the government and the international community want to bury it. As any survivors of the brutal Khmer Rouge regime, I </span>don't want to be victims twice, once in the Khmer Rouge and now once again. <span lang="EN-US">Finally<i>, </i>I advocate to have a new stand-alone bill for <i>“The Cambodian History of the People and Culture</i>” similar to Laotian History and Cultural Studies AB 1393.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; text-align: start;"><b><span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></b></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; text-align: start;"><b><span lang="EN-US">Citations:</span></b></p><p class="MsoFootnoteText" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: start;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Assembly Bill AB 167<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoFootnoteText" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: start;"><a href="https://ocde.us/EducationalServices/CurriculumInstructionandAcademicEnrichment/History/Pages/Model-Curriculum-Project.aspx" style="color: #954f72;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">https://ocde.us/EducationalServices/CurriculumInstructionandAcademicEnrichment/History/Pages/Model-Curriculum-Project.aspx</span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; text-align: start;"><span lang="EN-US">Senate Bill SB 895 </span><a href="https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB895&fbclid=IwAR0UD5G3so1rs6c4wNZCM_IqP9thhNooAHmLn6Di2NyPhDRHmgDTWBw98Co" style="color: #954f72;"><span lang="EN-US">https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB895&fbclid=IwAR0UD5G3so1rs6c4wNZCM_IqP9thhNooAHmLn6Di2NyPhDRHmgDTWBw98Co</span></a><span class="MsoHyperlink" style="color: #0563c1; text-decoration: underline;"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoFootnoteText" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: start;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Assembly Bill AB 1393 </span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #954f72; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"><a href="https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB1393" style="color: #954f72;">https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB1393</a></span></p><p class="MsoFootnoteText" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: start;"><span style="color: #954f72; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoFootnoteText" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: start;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Keo, S. (2011) </span><i style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Out of the Dark: Into the Garden of Hope</i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">, Library of Congress.</span></p><p class="MsoCommentText" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: start;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></p><p class="MsoCommentText" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: start;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Lavergne, Jean-Marc (2012). <i>Justice And Reconciliation in Cambodia</i>, book chapter of Cambodia: Progress and Challenges since 1991, ISEAS Publication.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoCommentText" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: start;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoCommentText" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: start;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Nou, L.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"> <span lang="EN-US">(</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">2015</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">). </span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Elusive retributive justice in post-Khmer Rouge Cambodia: Challenges of using ECCC Victim Information</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"> Forms to analyze survivors’ experiences. <i>TORTURE Journal.</i> 25(2), 61-84.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;">Nou, L. (2013).<b> </b><i>Beyond silent suffering and trauma half a world away: Participation of Cambodian diaspora genocide survivors in the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia</i>. <i>Journal of Asia Pacific World</i>, <i>4</i>(1), 56–79.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoCommentText" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: start;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></p><p class="MsoCommentText" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: start;"><br /></p><p class="MsoFootnoteText" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0cm; text-align: start;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p><p style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; text-align: start;"><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div></div> <br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><br /><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div></div><br /><br /></div><br /><br /><p></p>Sovachana Pouhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02414740236454935245noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5258157093633067471.post-63170966774994006502021-04-15T14:08:00.001-07:002021-04-15T14:11:40.721-07:00A personal reflection on April 14, 2021<p>Today I am turning 65 which is equal to 780 months, 3380 weeks, 23,725 days, and 560,400 hours. Time is going too fast as I age. I find it difficult to deal with the changes aging brings. I also realize that time is a thief of my cherished life - never to be reclaimed and recaptured. The hard truth is there is less time for me to practice vipassana, less time for to dream, less time for me to think, less time for me to learn, less time for me to grow, less time for me to start over, less time for me to plant seeds (I teach) and watch them blossom, less time for me to cultivate goodness (serve others), less time for me to enjoy the company of my dearest family, friends, and strangers, and finally less time for me to live. </p><p>I constantly chase after efficiency and productivity for fear of misusing my time well. Moreover, I often based my life on what I achieved in an hour, day, week, month, or year instead of enjoying the present moment. Perhaps, it is better for me to stop watching the clock of life by attending to what really matters most to me and be mindfully content with who I am in the moment - unfolding right now in front of me.<br /></p>Sovachana Pouhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02414740236454935245noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5258157093633067471.post-81051078936343268872020-07-10T16:51:00.000-07:002020-07-10T16:54:48.198-07:00ការរំឭកវីរៈភាព លោកបណ្ឌិត កែម ឡី ចំណាប់អារម្មណ៍របស់ខ្ញុំ<div class="MsoNormal" style="font-family: Cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 24px; margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-indent: 36pt;">
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<span lang="KHM" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "khmer os";">រូបថតនេះថតនៅថ្ងៃដង្ហែសព</span><span lang="KHM" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "khmer os";"> </span><span lang="KHM" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "khmer os";">លោកបណ្ឌិត កែម ឡី ពីភ្នំពេញ ទៅគេហដ្ឋាន</span><span lang="KHM" style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "khmer os";"> </span><span lang="KHM" style="background: white; color: #1d2129; font-family: "khmer os";">ខេត្តតាកែវ</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os";">អំពើឃាតកម្មឈាមត្រជាក់ដែលបានសម្លាប់លោកបណ្ឌិត កែម ឡី </span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os"; font-size: 12pt;">អ្នកវិភាគនយោបាយសង្គមដ៍លិចធ្លោ</span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os"; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os"; font-size: 12pt;">មានប្រជាប្រិយភាព និងមានសេចក្តីក្លាហានគ្មានពីរក្នុង ការរិៈគន់គណៈបក្សកាន់អំណាច </span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;">កណ្តាលថ្ងៃចែស កាលពីថ្ងៃទី</span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;"> </span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;">១០ ខែ កក្កដា ឆ្នាំ២០១៦ កន្លងទៅវាពិតជាធើ្វអោយខ្ញុំ</span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;"> </span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;">និងប្រជាពលរដ្ឋកម្ពុជាជាច្រើន ដែលមកពីគ្រប់ស្រទាប់</span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;">វណ្ណៈ</span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;"> ព្រមទាំងសហគមន៍អន្តរជាតិ តក់ស្លត់</span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;"> </span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;">ក្តុកក្តួល និងឈឺចាប់ជាខ្លាំង</span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;"> </span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;">។ </span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;"> </span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;">នៅក្នុងថ្ងៃនៃខួបគំរប់៤ឆ្នាំលើឃាតកម្មលើលោកបណ្ឌិត កែម ឡី បានធើ្វ </span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;">អោយខ្ញុំអត់ទ្រាំមពុំបាន មានតែការរំឭកដឹងគុណដល់វីរៈភាព និង</span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;"> </span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;">ការបញេ្ចញចំណាប់អារម្មណ៍ </span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;">ដើម្បី</span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;">ឆ្លុះបញ្ចាំពីភាពបរាជយ័</span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;"> </span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;">ម្តងហើយម្តងទៀតចំពោះស្ថាបន័ដែល</span><span style="font-family: "khmer os"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;"> <span lang="KHM">យើងបានជឿទុក្ខចិត្តបំផុតក្នុងការការពារប្រជាពលរដ្ឋ។</span></span><span style="font-family: "khmer os"; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></div>
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<span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os";">តើជីវិតវាពិតជាខ្លីណាស់មែនទេ សម្រាប់អ្នក</span><span style="font-family: "khmer os";"> <span lang="KHM">ដែលហ៊ានធើ្វការរិៈគន់មេដឹកនាំរបបបច្ចុប្បន្ននេះ </span>? <span lang="KHM">វាហាក់ដូចជាប្រទេសកម្ពុជា បានក្លាយជាប្រទេសមួយដែលពលរដ្ឋ មិនអាចបញេ្ចញមតិបានដោយបើកចំហដើម្បីទទួល បាននូវភាព</span> <span lang="KHM">យុតិ្តធម៌ ដូចជាករណី បក្សពួកនិយម ការកាត់</span> <span lang="KHM">បំផ្លាញព្រៃឈើ ការបាត់បង់ដីធ្លី ការចូលរួមពី អរន្តជាតិក្នុងការទប់ស្តាត់ការកាត់បំផ្លាញព្រៃឈើខុសច្បាប់ ការបាត់បង់ទឹកដីតាមព្រំដែន និងការកើនឡើងនៃទ្រព្យសម្បត្តិរបស់មន្ត្រី មួយចំនួនជាដើម។ ប្រទេសកម្ពុជាមិនបានគោរពតាមឧត្តមគតិ របស់ប្រទេសខ្លួនទេ នៅពេលដែលអំណាចជ្រុលនិយមគ្រប់គ្រងលើនិតិរដ្ឋ។ ភ្ជាប់ជាមួយករណីឃាតកម្មនេៈ និងកង្វៈខាតនៃការសើបអង្កេតដែលមានភាព</span> <span lang="KHM">លំអៀង</span></span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os";"> </span><span lang="KHM" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: "khmer os";">ព្រមទាំងការរំលោភសិទ្ធិមនុស្សដ៍ធ្ងន់ធ្ងរ និងជាប្រពន្ធ័ </span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: "khmer os";">(</span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: "khmer os";">EU</span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: "khmer os";">)</span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os";"> ប្រជាពលរដ្ឋបានបាត់បង់ជំនឿរបស់ពួកគេទៅលើស្ថាបន័ច្បាប់</span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os";">ស្ទើរ</span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os";">តែទាំងស្រុង។</span></div>
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<span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os";">ខណៈពេលដែលពលរដ្ឋក្នុងប្រទេសកុំពុងតែ កាន់ទុក្ខចំពោះការបាត់បង់អ្នករិៈគន់នយោបាយដ៏លិចធ្លោមួយរូបនេះម្តងហើយម្តងទៀត មេដឹកនាំនយោបាយក្នុងប្រទេសកម្ពុជា បានបរាជយ័ក្នុងការស្វែយល់ពីជម្រៅនៃការអាក់អន់ចិត្តរបស់ពលរដ្ឋចំពោះប្រពន្ធ័មួយនេៈ ដែលជាកន្លែងប្រមូលផ្តុំដោយបុគ្គលមួយចំនួន ដែលតែងតែទទួលបានភាពថ្កុំថ្កើន និងតែងតែគិចវេះពីប្រពន្ធ័យុត្តិធម៌ ។ អ្នកដឹកនាំបច្ចុប្បន្នបានបរាជយ័ដោយមើលមិនឃើញ នូវអ្វីដែល ពលរដ្ឋបានមើលឃើញ ហើយកម្ពុជា ជាប្រទេសដែល</span><span style="font-family: "khmer os";"> <span lang="KHM">ពលរដ្ឋក្រីក្រត្រូវឆ្លងកាត់វិបត្តិរស់នៅដ៍វិបាកមួយនេះ។ អ្នកដឹកនាំបានបរាជយ័ក្នុងការយល់ពីអារម្មណ៍របស់ពលរដ្ឋខ្លួន រដ្ឋាភិបាលមិនបានដឹងពីផលវិបាក របស់ពលរដ្ឋក្នុងរកសុីចិញ្ចឹមជីវិត និងការភយ័ខ្លាចពីការបាត់បង់ដីធ្លីរបស់ពួកគាត់</span> <span lang="KHM">នោះទេ។ រដ្ឋាភិបាលបានបរាជយ័ក្នុងការធើ្វនូវអ្វីដែលពលរដ្ឋភាគច្រើនចង់អោយរដ្ឋាភិបាលធើ្វ ចំពោះពួកគាត់ គឺពលរដ្ឋចង់អោយអ្នកដឹកនាំ បម្រើពលរដ្ឋដោយការផ្តល់ភាពយុត្តិធម៌ និងផ្តល់ឱកាសស្មើភាពគ្នាសម្រាប់ពលរដ្ឋកម្ពុជា ទាំងអស់។ ជាចុងក្រោយរដ្ឋាភិបាលបានបរាជយ័ក្នុងការយកចិត្តទុក្ខដាក់តាមការព្រានប្រដៅជាមូលដ្ឋានរបស់ព្រះពុទ្ធដែលបានទូន្មានថា</span> </span><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">«</span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os";">កុំធើ្វទុក្ខដល់អ្នកដ៏ទៃ</span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os";"> </span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os";">បើអ្នកមិនចង់មានទុក្ខ </span><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">»</span><span style="font-family: "khmer os";"> ( Udana-Vargas 5:18)<span lang="KHM">។</span></span></div>
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<span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os";">ទោះបីមន្រ្តីជាន់ខ្ពស់របស់រដ្ឋាភិបាលបានថ្កោលទោសចំពោះការសម្លាប់ដ៏ឃោរឃៅនេះក្តី</span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os";"> </span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os";">ក៏នូវមានការបដិសេធចំពោះការអះអាងថា នេះមិនមែនជាករណី ផ្នែកនយោបាយដើម្បីបំបិត</span><span style="font-family: "khmer os";"> <span lang="KHM">សំលេងគណៈបក្សប្រឆាំង និងធើ្វអោយមានការភយ័ខ្លាច។ សហគមន៍ជាតិ និងអរន្តជាតិភាគច្រើនបានបាត់បង់ជំនឿចិត្តទៅលើអាជ្ញាធរក្នុងការសើបអង្កេតដើម្បីស្វែងរកអ្នកទទួលខុសត្រូវលើឃាតកម្មនេះ ។</span></span></div>
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<span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os";">ករណីឃាតកម្មនេះត្រូវបានគេបង្ហាញអោយដឹងថា អឿត អាង ហៅ ជួប សម្លាប់ ដែលជាឃាតកររស់នៅក្នុងជីវភាពក្រីក្រ ដូច្នេះវាពិបាកណាស់ដែលអោយគេជឿថា គាត់មានលទ្ធភាព មានលុយ ចំនួន ៣០០០ ដុល្លា ដើម្បីអោយនរណាម្នាក់ខ្ចី។ លើសពីនេះទៅទៀត បណ្ឌិត កែម ឡី មិនដែលប្រាប់បំណុលនេះទៅប្រពន្ធលោកទេ ។ នេះហើយជាករណីនាំអោយយើងមានការសង្សយ័លើការអះអាងរបស់ ជួប សម្លាប់ ។ ប្រជាពលរដ្ឋកម្ពុជាភាគច្រើនក៏ដូចជា សហគមន៍អរន្តជាតិ ជាច្រើនទៀតជឿថា ករណីធើ្វឃាត បណ្ឌិត កែម ឡី គឺជាហេតុផល នយោបាយ និងបានស្នើអោយធើ្វ ការសើបអង្កេតអោយពេញលេញ</span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os";"> </span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os";">ដោយឯករាជ្យ</span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os";"> </span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os";"> និង</span><span lang="KHM" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; font-family: "khmer os";">តម្លាភាព</span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os";">ស្របទៅតាមបទដ្ឋានអរន្តជាតិ។</span></div>
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<span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os";">នៅពេលណាដែលគ្មានយុត្តិធម៌ពិតប្រាកដ ក៏គ្មាន សន្តិភាពពិតប្រាកដដែរ។ អ្នកដែលកាន់អំណាចត្រូវតែបញ្ឃប់ការប្រើអំពើហឹង្សា ការបំភិតបំភយ័ និងការគៀបសង្កត់មកលើពលរដ្ឋដើម្បីអោយពលរដ្ឋមានជំនឿទុក្ខចិត្តលើអ្នកកាន់អំណាច។ ទំនាក់ទំនងរវាលរដ្ឋ និងពលរដ្ឋដែលកើតឡើងចេញពីការបង្ខិតបង្ខំ ការគៀបសង្កត់ និងការត្រួតត្រាមិនអាចផ្តល់នូវសន្តិភាព និងស្ថេរភាពយូរអង្វែងនោះឡើយ។</span></div>
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<span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;">សព្វថ្ងៃនេះប្រទេសកម្ពុជាកុំពុងស្រែក</span><span style="font-family: "khmer os"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;"> <span lang="KHM">ដង្ហោយហៅរកយុត្តិធម៌ និងសិទ្ធិក្នុងការបញ្ចេញ មតិដោយសេរី។ ចំណាប់ អារម្មណ៍នេះធើ្វឡើងដើម្បីរំឮកដឹងគុណដល់វិញ្ញាណខណ័ លោកបណ្ឌិត កែម ឡី និងវិរៈជន ក្លាហានជាច្រើនទៀត ដូចជា មេដឹកនាំសហជីប លោក ជា វិជ្ជា (២០០៤) និងសកម្មជន បរិស្ថាន លោក ឈុត វុទ្ធី (២០១២) សូមអោយវិញ្ញាខណ័ វិរៈជនទាំងអស់បានទៅកាន់សុកតិភព ហើយខ្ញុំក៏សូម</span></span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;">លើកដៃ</span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;">ពួងសួង ដល់ព្រលឹងវិរៈជនខ្មែរទាំងអស់ដែលបានលាចាកលោកទៅ </span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;">សូមដួងប្រលឹងវីរៈជនទាំងអស់</span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;"> </span><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os"; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;">ជួយលប់បំបាត់ វប្បធម៌ និទណ្ឌភាព ដែលជាកំអែលចាស់ពីរបបប្រលយ័ពូសាសន៍ ខ្មែរក្រហម និងកុំពុងតែរីករាលដាលដល់សព្វថ្ងៃ អោយរលាយសាបសូន្យ ជារៀង រហូតតទៅ ៕</span></div>
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<b><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os";">ពូ សុវចនា</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "khmer os";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="KHM" style="font-family: "khmer os";">ពលរដ្ឋខ្មែរ</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "khmer os";"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">This reflection was read by Mr. Chun Chanboth (RFA) on 7/7/2020 to commemorate Dr. Kem Ley four year anniversary <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ejciQ34ci94&feature=youtu.be" style="color: #954f72; font-size: 12pt;">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ejciQ34ci94&feature=youtu.be</a></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><b style="font-size: 12pt; text-align: center;"><i><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">A Moment of Reflection and Tribute to Dr. Kem Ley’s Unshaken Legacy</span></span></i></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span lang="EN-US">The cold-blooded murder in broad daylight of Dr. Kem Ley, a prominent, popular and peerless socio-political commentator for his daring criticism of the ruling Cambodian People Party (CPP), on 10 July 2016 broke my heart and the hearts of many Cambodians from all walks of life as well as those from the international community. On this four-year anniversary of his death, I cannot help to seize this important moment </span><span lang="EN-US">to pay tribute to his unshaken legacy and reflect again on the continued and repeated failure of our most trusted institutions to protect our own people.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Must life be short for those who dare to critique the current regime? It seems Cambodia has become a country where people cannot talk openly about equal justice, nepotism, corruption, deforestation, land grabbing, international involvement in illegal logging, the loss of border territory, and the accumulated wealth of elected officials. Cambodia does not adhere to the ideals of its constitution when extreme power overrides the rule of law. With these assassinations and lack of impartial investigations and “<i>serious and systematic</i>” violations of human rights (EU), the people have lost faith in their cherished institutions.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">While the country continues to mourn the loss of another prominent political critic, repeatedly the political leaders in Cambodia have failed to understand the depth of the people’s resentment toward a system where well-connected individuals get richer and evade justice. They have failed to see what people see – a country where the less fortunate are going through an existential crisis. They have failed to feel what people feel - the labor of finding food and the fear of holding onto their lands. They have failed to do what the majority of the people want them to do which is to serve the people by delivering justice and equal opportunity for ALL Cambodians. Lastly, they have failed to heed one of the fundamental teachings of Buddha - “<i>Hurt not others in ways that they themselves would find hurtful</i>” (Udana-Varga 5:18).<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Even though top government officials condemn the savage killing and reject the claim that this is another political act to silence the opposition and spread fear, the national and international communities at large have no confidence in the investigating authorities to find those responsible.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">It has been revealed that Oeuth Ang also known as Choub Salab (meaning Meet Kill), the assassin, lived in desperate poverty, so it defies belief that he could lend $3000 to anyone. Furthermore, the fact that Dr. Kem Ley never mentioned this loan to his wife leads us to doubt its veracity as well. Most Cambodians as well as the international communities believe that Dr. Kem Ley’s assassination was politically motivated and the chain of command of the killing should be fully, independently, and transparently investigated in line with international standards.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">There will never be real peace without real justice. Those in power must stop using violence, intimidation, and oppression to force the populace into quite obedience. A relationship between the state and its people that emanates from coercion, repression, and domination won’t produce enduring peace and nor long-term stability.</span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Today and more than ever Cambodia cries for justice and the right to free speech. This reflection is made for the soul of Dr. Kem Ley and other brave and outspoken heroes of the kingdom, including union leader Chea Vichea (2004), environmental activist Mr. Chut Vuthy (2012) – May you all rest in peace and I join both of my hands over my head to pray for their spirits to help us end the culture of impunity- left over by the brutal Khmer Rouge regime and still alive and well in Cambodia today. </span></span><br />
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;">Note: This is a revised piece that was posted in the Phnom Penh Post in 2016 </span><a href="https://www.phnompenhpost.com/opinion/another-cambodian-voice-gets-silenced" style="font-family: times, "times new roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 36pt;">https://www.phnompenhpost.com/opinion/another-cambodian-voice-gets-silenced</a></div>
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Sovachana Pouhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02414740236454935245noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5258157093633067471.post-26742992272454281722020-04-17T16:50:00.001-07:002020-04-17T16:50:50.926-07:0017 April 1975<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Burial Site Po Tonle (Kandal Province) where 35,027 victims were killed and buried in 55 mass graves</div>
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Reflecting on the Khmer Rouge's seizure of power on 17 April 1975, it is clear the impact of this regime transcended the blood-soaked fields throughout Cambodia's verdant land. Forty five years had passed since the ordeal in my homeland, but I still feel it - the deep grief and psychological scars. Many victims/survivors are still living with the ghost behind us for whom truth remains hidden and justice is still beyond reach. To this day, if I am not mistaken, no other Khmer Rouge (beside Kaing Guek Eav known as Duch), living or deceased has expressed responsibility or remorse for the unspeakable cruelty that led to the tragic deaths of close to 2.2 million men, women, and children.<br />
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Sovachana Pouhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02414740236454935245noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5258157093633067471.post-8494096498711237422020-04-16T09:51:00.000-07:002020-04-17T15:55:09.278-07:00Living a Meaningful Life: Personal Introspection<br />
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<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">Anicca (Impermanence), dukkha (Suffering), and anatt</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">ā</span></i><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"> (No-Self)<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">A</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">s my entire life passes by before my eyes, </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">plenty has happened so far. My existence has been marked by unexpected trauma, filled with unforeseen pain and suffering ranging from losing my loved ones during the Khmer Rouge regime, the complication of integration in the US, the cultural difference, the refugee experience, and the challenge of re-assimilation in my homeland. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Since I took early retirement</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> two years ago</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">, my priority </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">and motivation </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">ha</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">ve</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> changed at this generative stage</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> of my life</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">. I wonder often about life’s worthiness</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">. I realize more and more that as</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> soon as I </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">took</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> birth, I have kept on running and running incessantly...without stopping</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">…</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> towards death without achieving or attaining </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">anything meaningfully (endless cycle of miseries -samsara)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">After long and thoughtful introspection, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">I </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">realize more and more that the </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">money I made, the home I owned, the degrees I earned, the awards I won, the conferences I attended, the public lectures I delivered, the number of publications I contributed and the praises I received </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">will not </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">lead to a meaningful life. I </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">also </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">stop thinking and dreaming of changing the world</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> and specifically Cambodia</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">; I only wish </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">the world/Cambodia</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> wouldn’t change me. That is part of what makes me who I</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> am</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">. I want to be able to spend the remaining of my life in my own way </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">– </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> to spend the day doing whatever</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> I</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> love most</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> I decide to stop working so hard at getting from point A to point B the way I have in the past, but instead, I</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> want to </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">spend more</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> quality</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> time with my family</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> and seek to understand the universal truth of impermanence, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">suffering, and no-self within the framework of my body and mind (Buddhist perspective</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> of <i>paramatha -sacca</i> of <i>anicca, dukkha, and anatt</i></span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">ā)</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">In short, there is nothing that lasts in the world and the entire physical and mental structure within myself is constantly changing. </span><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">Once I learn to accept the three characteristics of existence - anicca</span></i><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">, </span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">dukkha, and </span></i><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">anatt</span></i><i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">ā - then I really start living my life meaningfully. </span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">This will help me </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">to recover, heal</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> and </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">possibly </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">find closure with </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">the misdeeds and </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">the death of my mother, two brothers, two sisters, family members and countless victims of the Khmer Rouge reign of terror. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">I wish to become more </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">aware of my own psychological conditioning and traumatization through observing and understanding </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">‘what is still true?” which </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">will free me </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">from all the anguishes and liberate me from all the miseries, all the bondages, and all the sa</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">ṅ</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">k</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">ā</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">ra (mental formation and reaction)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">. Every single day counts and each day is a precious gift for me </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">to face reality as it is (instead of who I am). This self-exploration through experiencing the truth at the experimental level reflects a sense of meaning and connection of what I really want out of life. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">No one can do the job for me</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">, </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;">I have to fight my own battle and work out my own salvation</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"> and be involved in something beyond the self. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Sovachana Pouhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02414740236454935245noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5258157093633067471.post-79902538334229673482018-08-13T19:36:00.000-07:002018-08-13T19:40:40.568-07:00ការ ឆ្លុះបញ្ចាំង អំពី កម្ពុជា៖ បច្ចុប្បន្ន កាល និង អនាគត កាល<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5258157093633067471" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: left;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5258157093633067471" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5258157093633067471" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><span style="font-size: xx-small;">https://vodhotnews.com/2018/08/10/reflections-on-cambodia-present-and-future/</span><br />
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<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5258157093633067471" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: left;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5258157093633067471" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5258157093633067471" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;"><span style="font-family: "khmer sangam mn";">ធ្មេច</span><span class="s1"> </span>បើកៗ</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">កន្លង</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">ទៅ</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">អស់</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">រយៈ</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">ពេល</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">២៥ឆ្នាំ</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">មក</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">ហើយ</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">តាំង</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">ពី</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">ពេល</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">ដែលប្រទេស</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">កម្ពុជា</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">ស្គាល់</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">ការ</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">បោះ</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">ឆ្នោត</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">សេរី</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">តាម</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">បែប</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">ផែន</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">ប្រជាធិបតេយ្យ</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">សេរីពហុ</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">បក្ស</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">ដំបូង</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">បំផុត</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">ក្នុង</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">ប្រវត្តិសាស្ត្រ</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">របស់</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">ខ្លួន</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">ដែល</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">រៀបចំ</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">ដោយ</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">អង្គការ</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">សហប្រជា</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">ជាតិ</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">នៅ</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">ឆ្នាំ</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">១៩៩៣</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">ក្រោម</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">ឆ័ត្រ</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">នៃ</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">សន្តិភាព</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">ថ្មី</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">ថ្មោង</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">ដែល</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">នាំ</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">មក</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">ជូន</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">ដោយកិច្ច</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">ព្រម</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">ព្រៀងសន្តិភាពទី</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">ក្រុង</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">ប៉ារីសឆ្នាំ</span><span class="s1" style="color: #454545;"> </span><span style="color: #454545; font-family: "khmer sangam mn"; font-size: 12px;">១៩៩១។</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">លោក<span class="s1"><i> </i></span>ហ៊ុន<span class="s1"><i> </i></span>សែន<span class="s1"><i> </i></span>ជួបកម្មករកម្មការនីជិត<span class="s1"><i> </i></span>២ម៉ឺននាក់នៅខេត្តកំពង់ស្ពឺ<span class="s1"><i> </i></span>ព្រឹកថ្ងៃទី<span class="s1"><i> </i></span>០៨<span class="s1"><i> </i></span>សីហា<span class="s1"><i> </i></span>២០១៨<span class="s1"><i> (</i></span>រូបភាព៖<span class="s1"><i> FN)</i></span></span></div>
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អំណឹះត<span class="s1"> </span>ទៅ<span class="s1"> </span>នេះ<span class="s1"> </span>គឺជា<span class="s1"> </span>ទស្សនៈ<span class="s1"> </span>ផ្ទាល់<span class="s1"> </span>ខ្លួន<span class="s1"> </span>របស់<span class="s1"> </span>ខ្ញុំ<span class="s1"> </span>តែ<span class="s1"> </span>ប៉ុណ្ណោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ហើយ<span class="s1"> </span>មិន<span class="s1"> </span>តំណាង<span class="s1"> </span>ឱ្យ<span class="s1"> </span>ទស្សនៈ<span class="s1"> </span>របស់<span class="s1"> </span>បុគ្គល<span class="s1"> </span>ណាម្នាក់<span class="s1"> </span>ក្រុម<span class="s1"> </span>អង្គការ<span class="s1"> </span>ឬ<span class="s1"> </span>ស្ថាប័ន<span class="s1"> </span>ណាមួយ<span class="s1"> </span>ឡើយ។</div>
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មាតុ<span class="s1"> </span>ភូមិ<span class="s1"> </span>កម្ពុជា<span class="s1"> </span>ត្រូវ<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>បំផ្លិច<span class="s1"> </span>បំផ្លាញ<span class="s1"> </span>ដោយ<span class="s1"> </span>ជម្លោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ផ្ទៃ<span class="s1"> </span>ក្នុង<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>អំពើ<span class="s1"> </span>ឃោរឃៅជា<span class="s1"> </span>ច្រើន<span class="s1"> </span>ទសវត្សរ៍<span class="s1"> </span>មក<span class="s1"> </span>ហើយ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស<span class="s1"> </span>កម្ពុជា<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>រង<span class="s1"> </span>គ្រោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ច្រើន<span class="s1"> </span>ណាស់<span class="s1"> </span>ដោយ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រជា<span class="s1"> </span>ពលរដ្ឋ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រមាណ<span class="s1"> </span>ពីរ<span class="s1"> </span>លាន<span class="s1"> </span>នាក់<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>ស្លាប់<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ចុង<span class="s1"> </span>ទសវត្សរ៍<span class="s1"> </span>ឆ្នាំ<span class="s1"> </span>១៩៧០<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>ការបំផ្លិច<span class="s1"> </span>បំផ្លាញ<span class="s1"> </span>រចនា<span class="s1"> </span>សម្ព័ន្ធ<span class="s1"> </span>សង្គម<span class="s1"> </span>ក្នុង<span class="s1"> </span>អំឡុង<span class="s1"> </span>ពេល<span class="s1"> </span>នៃ<span class="s1"> </span>ការភ័យ<span class="s1"> </span>ខ្លាច<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>បង្ក<span class="s1"> </span>ឡើង<span class="s1"> </span>ដោយ<span class="s1"> </span>ពួក<span class="s1"> </span>ខ្មែរ<span class="s1"> </span>ក្រហម។<span class="s1"> </span>ចាប់<span class="s1"> </span>តាំង<span class="s1"> </span>ពី<span class="s1"> </span>ពេល<span class="s1"> </span>នោះ<span class="s1"> </span>មក<span class="s1"> </span>ភាពក្រីក្រ<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>តែ<span class="s1"> </span>បន្ត<span class="s1"> </span>កើត<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>អំពើ<span class="s1"> </span>ពុករលួយ<span class="s1"> </span>ដ៏<span class="s1"> </span>រ៉ាំរ៉ៃ<span class="s1"> </span>ភាពអ<span class="s1"> </span>យុត្តិធម៌<span class="s1"> </span>ជាប្រព័ន្ធ<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>រំលោភ<span class="s1"> </span>សិទ្ធិ<span class="s1"> </span>មនុស្ស<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>បង្ក<span class="s1"> </span>បរិយាកាសភ័យ<span class="s1"> </span>ខ្លាច<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>ក្ដី<span class="s1"> </span>អស់<span class="s1"> </span>សង្ឃឹម។</div>
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ការ<span class="s1"> </span>ចុះ<span class="s1"> </span>ហត្ថ<span class="s1"> </span>លេខា<span class="s1"> </span>លើកិច្ច<span class="s1"> </span>ព្រម<span class="s1"> </span>ព្រៀង<span class="s1"> </span>សន្តិភាព<span class="s1"> </span>ទី<span class="s1"> </span>ក្រុង<span class="s1"> </span>ប៉ារីស<span class="s1"> (PPA) </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ឆ្នាំ<span class="s1"> </span>១៩៩១<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>កត់<span class="s1"> </span>សម្គាល់<span class="s1"> </span>ពីការ<span class="s1"> </span>បញ្ចប់<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>ចាប់<span class="s1"> </span>ផ្តើម<span class="s1"> </span>ថ្មី៖<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>បញ្ចប់<span class="s1"> </span>សង្គ្រាម<span class="s1"> </span>ស៊ី<span class="s1"> </span>វិល<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>សង្គ្រាម<span class="s1"> </span>ត្រ<span class="s1"> </span>ជាក់<span class="s1"> </span>រវាង<span class="s1"> </span>មហា<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>យក<span class="s1"> </span>កម្ពុជា<span class="s1"> </span>ជាទី<span class="s1"> </span>សមរ<span class="s1"> </span>ភូមិ<span class="s1"> </span>និង</div>
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<span class="s1">“</span>វាលពិឃាត<span class="s1">” </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>ចាប់<span class="s1"> </span>ផ្តើម<span class="s1"> </span>នៃ<span class="s1"> </span>ការផ្សះផ្សា<span class="s1"> </span>ជាតិ<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>កសាង<span class="s1"> </span>សន្តិភាព<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>ការអភិវឌ្ឍ។<span class="s1"> </span>អ្វី<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>សំខាន់<span class="s1"> </span>បំផុត<span class="s1"> </span>នោះ<span class="s1"> </span>គឺកិច្ច<span class="s1"> </span>ព្រម<span class="s1"> </span>ព្រៀង<span class="s1"> </span>សន្តិភាព<span class="s1"> </span>ទី<span class="s1"> </span>ក្រុង<span class="s1"> </span>ប៉ារីស<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>ពាំ<span class="s1"> </span>នាំ<span class="s1"> </span>យក<span class="s1"> </span>លទ្ធិ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រជាធិបតេយ្យ<span class="s1"> </span>មក<span class="s1"> </span>កាន់<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស<span class="s1"> </span>កម្ពុជា<span class="s1"> </span>ហើយ<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>បើក<span class="s1"> </span>ឱ្យ<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>បោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ឆ្នោត<span class="s1"> </span>ជាតិ<span class="s1"> </span>ជា<span class="s1"> </span>លើក<span class="s1"> </span>ដំបូង<span class="s1"> </span>ក្រោយ<span class="s1"> </span>ការប៉ះទង្គិច<span class="s1"> </span>គ្នា<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>បោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ឆ្នោត<span class="s1"> </span>នោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ធ្វើ<span class="s1"> </span>ឡើង<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ខែ<span class="s1"> </span>ឧសភា<span class="s1"> </span>ឆ្នាំ<span class="s1"> </span>១៩៩៣។</div>
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យ៉ាង<span class="s1"> </span>ណា<span class="s1"> </span>ក៏<span class="s1"> </span>ដោយ<span class="s1"> </span>ទោះ<span class="s1"> </span>បីជារណសិរ្សបង្រួបបង្រួម<span class="s1"> </span>ជាតិ<span class="s1"> </span>ដើម្បី<span class="s1"> </span>ឯករាជ្យ<span class="s1"> </span>អព្យាក្រឹត<span class="s1"> </span>សន្តិភាព<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>សហ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រតិបត្តិ<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>កម្ពុជា<span class="s1"> (</span>គណ<span class="s1"> </span>បក្ស<span class="s1"> </span>រាជា<span class="s1"> </span>និយម<span class="s1"> </span>ហ្វ៊ុនស៊ិនប៉ិច<span class="s1">) </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>ដឹក<span class="s1"> </span>នាំ<span class="s1"> </span>ដោយ<span class="s1"> </span>ព្រះ<span class="s1"> </span>អង្គម្ចាស់<span class="s1"> </span>នរោត្តម<span class="s1"> </span>រណឫទ្ធិ<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>ឈ្នះ<span class="s1"> </span>ឆ្នោត<span class="s1"> </span>ជា<span class="s1"> </span>ផ្លូវ<span class="s1"> </span>ការក្តី<span class="s1"> </span>ក៏<span class="s1"> </span>លោក<span class="s1"> </span>ហ៊ុន<span class="s1"> </span>សែន<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>គណ<span class="s1"> </span>បក្ស<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រជាជន<span class="s1"> </span>កម្ពុជា<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>គ្រប់<span class="s1"> </span>គ្រង<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ទសវត្សរ៍<span class="s1"> </span>ឆ្នាំ<span class="s1"> </span>១៩៨០<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>បដិសេធ<span class="s1"> </span>មិន<span class="s1"> </span>ព្រម<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រគល់<span class="s1"> </span>អំណាច<span class="s1"> </span>ឱ្យ<span class="s1"> </span>ដែរ។<span class="s1"> </span>ការរៀប<span class="s1"> </span>ចំការ<span class="s1"> </span>បែង<span class="s1"> </span>ចែក<span class="s1"> </span>អំណាច<span class="s1"> </span>ត្រូវ<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>រៀបចំ<span class="s1"> </span>ជា<span class="s1"> </span>បន្ត<span class="s1"> </span>បន្ទាប់<span class="s1"> </span>ដោយ<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>មេ<span class="s1"> </span>ដឹក<span class="s1"> </span>នាំ<span class="s1"> </span>ពីរ<span class="s1"> </span>រូបជាសហ<span class="s1"> </span>នាយក<span class="s1"> </span>រដ្ឋ<span class="s1"> </span>មន្ត្រី។</div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">ការបោះឆ្នោតជ្រើសតាំងតំណាងរាស្ត្រនីតិកាលទី<span class="s1"><i> </i></span>៦<span class="s1"><i> </i></span>ថ្ងៃទី<span class="s1"><i> </i></span>២៩<span class="s1"><i> </i></span>កក្កដា<span class="s1"><i> </i></span>២០១៨<span class="s1"><i> </i></span>មណ្ឌលសាលាគរុកោសល្យ<span class="s1"><i> </i></span>ក្រុងតាខ្មៅ<span class="s1"><i> </i></span>ខេត្តកណ្ដាល</span><br />
<span style="font-size: xx-small;"><br /></span></div>
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កាលពីចុងខែកក្កដា<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រជា<span class="s1"> </span>ពលរដ្ឋ<span class="s1"> </span>កម្ពុជា<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>ទៅ<span class="s1"> </span>បោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ឆ្នោត<span class="s1"> </span>ជា<span class="s1"> </span>លើក<span class="s1"> </span>ទី៦<span class="s1"> </span>ចាប់<span class="s1"> </span>តាំងពីឆ្នាំ<span class="s1"> </span>១៩៩៣មក។<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស<span class="s1"> </span>កម្ពុជា<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>តែ<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>សន្តិភាព<span class="s1"> </span>ហើយ<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>ខឿន<span class="s1"> </span>សេដ្ឋកិច្ច<span class="s1"> </span>រឹងមាំ<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>ថេរជា<span class="s1"> </span>មួយ<span class="s1"> </span>កំណើន<span class="s1"> </span>ផលិត<span class="s1"> </span>ផល<span class="s1"> </span>ក្នុង<span class="s1"> </span>ស្រុក<span class="s1"> </span>សរុប<span class="s1"> </span>ចេះ<span class="s1"> </span>តែ<span class="s1"> </span>បន្ត<span class="s1"> </span>លូត<span class="s1"> </span>ឡើងនៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ក្នុង<span class="s1"> </span>រយៈ<span class="s1"> </span>ពេល<span class="s1"> </span>ពីរ<span class="s1"> </span>ទសវត្សរ៍<span class="s1"> </span>ចុង<span class="s1"> </span>ក្រោយ<span class="s1"> </span>នេះ<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>អត្រា<span class="s1"> </span>ជាមធ្យម<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រចាំ<span class="s1"> </span>ឆ្នាំ<span class="s1"> </span>លើស<span class="s1"> </span>ពី<span class="s1"> </span>៧<span class="s1">% </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>ស្ថិត<span class="s1"> </span>ក្នុង<span class="s1"> </span>ចំណោម<span class="s1"> </span>បណ្ដា<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>សេដ្ឋកិច្ច<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>កំណើន<span class="s1"> </span>លឿន<span class="s1"> </span>បំផុត<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ក្នុង<span class="s1"> </span>ពិភព<span class="s1"> </span>លោក។<span class="s1"> </span>ទោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ជា<span class="s1"> </span>យ៉ាង<span class="s1"> </span>ណា<span class="s1"> </span>ក៏<span class="s1"> </span>ដោយ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស<span class="s1"> </span>នេះ<span class="s1"> </span>បរា<span class="s1"> </span>ជ័យ<span class="s1"> </span>ក្នុង<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>ផ្តល់<span class="s1"> </span>អត្ថ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រយោជន៍<span class="s1"> </span>ជាក់<span class="s1"> </span>ស្តែង<span class="s1"> </span>ដល់<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រជា<span class="s1"> </span>ពលរដ្ឋ<span class="s1"> </span>សាមញ្ញ<span class="s1"> </span>ជា<span class="s1"> </span>ច្រើន។<span class="s1"> </span>វិសមភាព<span class="s1"> </span>សេដ្ឋកិច្ច<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>រីក<span class="s1"> </span>រាលដាល<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>តែ<span class="s1"> </span>កើត<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>ឡើង<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ទូ<span class="s1"> </span>ទាំង<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស។<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រជាពលរដ្ឋ<span class="s1"> </span>កម្ពុជា<span class="s1"> </span>ជា<span class="s1"> </span>ច្រើន<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>តែតស៊ូពុះពារ<span class="s1"> </span>ដើម្បី<span class="s1"> </span>អាហារ<span class="s1"> </span>ទី<span class="s1"> </span>ជម្រក<span class="s1"> </span>សុខភាព<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>អប់រំ<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>សិទ្ធិ<span class="s1"> </span>សេរីភាព។</div>
<div class="p1">
គេ<span class="s1"> </span>ក៏<span class="s1"> </span>ឃើញ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស<span class="s1"> </span>នេះ<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>កើន<span class="s1"> </span>ឡើង<span class="s1"> </span>នូវ<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>បំភិតបំភ័យ<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>ចាប់<span class="s1"> </span>ខ្លួន<span class="s1"> </span>ដោយ<span class="s1"> </span>បំពាន<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>ត្រូវ<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>សម្រប<span class="s1"> </span>សម្រួល<span class="s1"> </span>ដោយ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រព័ន្ធ<span class="s1"> </span>តុលា<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>ឯករាជភាព<span class="s1"> </span>ផ្នែក<span class="s1"> </span>នយោបាយ<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>តែស្ថិតជាចម្ងល់<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>អង្គការ<span class="s1"> </span>នីតិប្បញ្ញត្តិ<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>ជា<span class="s1"> </span>ស្ថាប័ន<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រថាប់ត្រា។<span class="s1"> </span>លទ្ធិ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រជាធិបតេយ្យ<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>កម្ពុជា<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>តែសម្បក<span class="s1"> </span>ក្រៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ប៉ុណ្ណោះ។</div>
<div class="p1">
ការ<span class="s1"> </span>បោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ឆ្នោត<span class="s1"> </span>ថ្នាក់<span class="s1"> </span>ជាតិ<span class="s1"> </span>លើក<span class="s1"> </span>ទី៥<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ឆ្នាំ<span class="s1"> </span>២០១៣<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>បោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ឆ្នោត<span class="s1"> </span>ឃុំ<span class="s1"> -</span>សង្កាត់<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ឆ្នាំ<span class="s1"> </span>២០១៧<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>កើន<span class="s1"> </span>សំឡេង<span class="s1"> </span>យ៉ាង<span class="s1"> </span>ខ្លាំង<span class="s1"> </span>ពី<span class="s1"> </span>សំណាក់<span class="s1"> </span>គណ<span class="s1"> </span>បក្ស<span class="s1"> </span>សង្គ្រោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ជាតិ<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>ជាគណ<span class="s1"> </span>បក្ស<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រឆាំង<span class="s1"> </span>ធំ<span class="s1"> </span>ជាង<span class="s1"> </span>គេ<span class="s1"> (CNRP) </span>។<span class="s1"> </span>ទោះយ៉ាង<span class="s1"> </span>ណាក្ដី<span class="s1"> </span>រហូត<span class="s1"> </span>មក<span class="s1"> </span>ដល់<span class="s1"> </span>ពេល<span class="s1"> </span>នេះ<span class="s1"> </span>គណ<span class="s1"> </span>បក្ស<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រជាជន<span class="s1"> </span>កម្ពុជា<span class="s1"> </span>របស់<span class="s1"> </span>លោក<span class="s1"> </span>នាយក<span class="s1"> </span>រដ្ឋ<span class="s1"> </span>មន្រ្តី<span class="s1"> </span>ហ៊ុន<span class="s1"> </span>សែន<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>តែ<span class="s1"> </span>ទទួល<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>អំណាច<span class="s1"> </span>ផ្តាច់<span class="s1"> </span>មុខ<span class="s1"> </span>ប៉ុន្តែ<span class="s1"> </span>នេះ<span class="s1"> </span>កត់<span class="s1"> </span>សម្គាល់<span class="s1"> </span>ឱ្យ<span class="s1"> </span>ឃើញ<span class="s1"> </span>ពី<span class="s1"> </span>ចំណុច<span class="s1"> </span>របត់<span class="s1"> </span>មួយ។</div>
<div class="p1">
មេ<span class="s1"> </span>ដឹក<span class="s1"> </span>នាំ<span class="s1"> </span>គណ<span class="s1"> </span>បក្ស<span class="s1"> </span>សង្គ្រោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ជាតិ<span class="s1"> </span>លោក<span class="s1"> </span>កឹម<span class="s1"> </span>សុខា<span class="s1"> </span>ត្រូវ<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>ចាប់<span class="s1"> </span>ដាក់<span class="s1"> </span>ពន្ធនាគារ<span class="s1"> </span>ហើយ<span class="s1"> </span>សមាជិក<span class="s1"> </span>ជាន់<span class="s1"> </span>ខ្ពស់<span class="s1"> </span>គណ<span class="s1"> </span>បក្ស<span class="s1"> </span>ចំនួន<span class="s1"> </span>១១៨រូប<span class="s1"> </span>ត្រូវ<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>ហាមឃាត់<span class="s1"> </span>មិន<span class="s1"> </span>ឱ្យ<span class="s1"> </span>ចូល<span class="s1"> </span>រួម<span class="s1"> </span>ក្នុង<span class="s1"> </span>សកម្មភាព<span class="s1"> </span>នយោបាយ<span class="s1"> </span>រយៈ<span class="s1"> </span>ពេល<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រាំឆ្នាំ<span class="s1"> </span>ខណៈ<span class="s1"> </span>រចនា<span class="s1"> </span>សម្ព័ន្ធ<span class="s1"> </span>គណ<span class="s1"> </span>បក្ស<span class="s1"> </span>ទាំង<span class="s1"> </span>មូល<span class="s1"> </span>ត្រូវ<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>តុលា<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>កំពូល<span class="s1"> </span>របស់<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស<span class="s1"> </span>នេះ<span class="s1"> </span>សម្រេច<span class="s1"> </span>រម្លាយ<span class="s1"> </span>ចោល។<span class="s1"> </span>ស្រប<span class="s1"> </span>ពេល<span class="s1"> </span>ជា<span class="s1"> </span>មួយ<span class="s1"> </span>គ្នា<span class="s1"> </span>នេះដែរ<span class="s1"> </span>ស្ថាប័ន</div>
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សារ<span class="s1"> </span>ព័ត៌មាន<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>ឯករាជភាព<span class="s1"> </span>ផ្នែក<span class="s1"> </span>នយោបាយ<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>បណ្ដា<span class="s1"> </span>អង្គការ<span class="s1"> </span>សង្គម<span class="s1"> </span>ស៊ី<span class="s1"> </span>វិល<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>សកម្ម<span class="s1"> </span>ការពារ<span class="s1"> </span>សិទ្ធិ<span class="s1"> </span>មនុស្ស<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>រងការ<span class="s1"> </span>វាយ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រហារ។</div>
<div class="p1">
ការ<span class="s1"> </span>វាយ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រហារ<span class="s1"> </span>ទាំង<span class="s1"> </span>នេះ<span class="s1"> </span>កត់<span class="s1"> </span>សម្គាល់<span class="s1"> </span>ឱ្យ<span class="s1"> </span>ឃើញ<span class="s1"> </span>ពី<span class="s1"> “</span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>ស្លាប់<span class="s1"> </span>លទ្ធិ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រជាធិបតេយ្យ<span class="s1">” </span>ហើយ<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> “</span>ប្រែ<span class="s1"> </span>ក្លាយ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស<span class="s1"> </span>មួយ<span class="s1"> </span>នេះ<span class="s1"> </span>ឱ្យ<span class="s1"> </span>ស្ថិត<span class="s1"> </span>ក្រោម<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>ដឹក<span class="s1"> </span>នាំ<span class="s1"> </span>រដ្ឋ<span class="s1"> </span>បែប<span class="s1"> </span>ឯក<span class="s1"> </span>បក្ស<span class="s1">”</span>។<span class="s1"> </span>នេះ<span class="s1"> </span>បើ<span class="s1"> </span>យោង<span class="s1"> </span>តាម<span class="s1"> </span>សមាជិក<span class="s1"> </span>សភា<span class="s1"> </span>អាស៊ាន<span class="s1"> </span>ដើម្បី<span class="s1"> </span>សិទិ្ធ<span class="s1"> </span>មនុស្ស<span class="s1"> (APHR)</span>។<span class="s1"> </span>ក្រោយ<span class="s1"> </span>ពីការបំបិទមាត់<span class="s1"> </span>អ្នក<span class="s1"> </span>រិះគន់<span class="s1"> </span>ទាំង<span class="s1"> </span>អស់<span class="s1"> </span>លក្ខណៈ<span class="s1"> </span>ជាប្រព័ន្ធ<span class="s1"> </span>សូម្បីតែរបប<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រជាធិបតេយ្យ<span class="s1"> </span>សេរីពហុ<span class="s1"> </span>បក្ស<span class="s1"> </span>ក៏<span class="s1"> </span>ទំនង<span class="s1"> </span>ជាលែង<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>ទៀត<span class="s1"> </span>ដែរ<span class="s1"> </span>ខណៈ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស<span class="s1"> </span>ជាតិ<span class="s1"> </span>បរា<span class="s1"> </span>ជ័យ<span class="s1"> </span>ក្នុង<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>ការពារ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រជា<span class="s1"> </span>ពលរដ្ឋ<span class="s1"> </span>របស់<span class="s1"> </span>ខ្លួន<span class="s1"> </span>ពីការ<span class="s1"> </span>រំលោភ<span class="s1"> </span>សិទ្ធិ<span class="s1"> </span>មនុស្ស<span class="s1"> </span>សំខាន់ៗ។</div>
<div class="p1">
ជាង<span class="s1"> </span>នេះ<span class="s1"> </span>ទៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ទៀត<span class="s1"> </span>វា<span class="s1"> </span>ច្បាស់<span class="s1"> </span>ណាស់<span class="s1"> </span>ថា<span class="s1"> </span>អ្វី<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>ធ្លាប់<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ពេល<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>លទ្ធិ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រជាធិបតេយ្យ<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>កម្ពុជា<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>បាត់<span class="s1"> </span>បង់<span class="s1"> </span>ហើយ<span class="s1"> </span>សន្តិសុខ<span class="s1"> </span>មនុស្ស<span class="s1"> </span>ជាតិ<span class="s1"> (Human Security) </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>កំពុង<span class="s1"> </span>ស្ថិត<span class="s1"> </span>ក្នុង<span class="s1"> </span>ទិសដៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ឈាន<span class="s1"> </span>ទៅ<span class="s1"> </span>រកការដួលរលំ។<span class="s1"> </span>ទោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ជា<span class="s1"> </span>យ៉ាង<span class="s1"> </span>ណាក្ដី<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ទី<span class="s1"> </span>បំផុត<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>តែប្រជា<span class="s1"> </span>ពលរដ្ឋ<span class="s1"> </span>កម្ពុជា<span class="s1"> </span>ប៉ុណ្ណោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>អាច<span class="s1"> </span>កំណត់<span class="s1"> </span>ពីលទ្ធភាព<span class="s1"> </span>នៃ<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>រស់<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>យូរ<span class="s1"> </span>អង្វែង<span class="s1"> </span>នៃ<span class="s1"> </span>អនាគត<span class="s1"> </span>នយោបាយ<span class="s1"> </span>របស់<span class="s1"> </span>ពួក<span class="s1"> </span>គេ<span class="s1"> </span>ដើម្បី<span class="s1"> </span>នាំ<span class="s1"> </span>មក<span class="s1"> </span>នូវ<span class="s1"> </span>លទ្ធិ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រជាធិបតេយ្យ<span class="s1"> </span>ពេញ<span class="s1"> </span>លេញ<span class="s1"> </span>សន្តិភាព<span class="s1"> </span>យូរ<span class="s1"> </span>អង្វែង<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>វិបុលភាព<span class="s1"> </span>សម្រាប់<span class="s1"> </span>ទាំង<span class="s1"> </span>អស់<span class="s1"> </span>គ្នា<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>កំណត់<span class="s1"> </span>ដៅថា<span class="s1"> “</span>តើ<span class="s1"> </span>កម្ពុជា<span class="s1"> </span>យ៉ាង<span class="s1"> </span>ដូចម្ដេច<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>ពួក<span class="s1"> </span>គេ<span class="s1"> </span>ចង់<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>ទៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ថ្ងៃ<span class="s1"> </span>អនាគត<span class="s1">?”</span>។</div>
<div class="p1">
សព្វ<span class="s1"> </span>ថ្ងៃ<span class="s1"> </span>នេះ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស<span class="s1"> </span>ជាតិ<span class="s1"> </span>របស់<span class="s1"> </span>យើង<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>ដើរ<span class="s1"> </span>ដល់<span class="s1"> </span>ចំណុច<span class="s1"> </span>របត់<span class="s1"> </span>មួយ<span class="s1"> </span>ទៀត<span class="s1"> </span>ហើយ។<span class="s1"> </span>អនាគត<span class="s1"> </span>របស់<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស<span class="s1"> </span>ជាតិ<span class="s1"> </span>ពឹង<span class="s1"> </span>ផ្អែក<span class="s1"> </span>លើភាពជឿទុក<span class="s1"> </span>ចិត្ត<span class="s1"> </span>នៃ<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>បោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ឆ្នោត<span class="s1"> </span>សាកលកាល<span class="s1"> </span>ពី<span class="s1"> </span>ថ្ងៃ<span class="s1"> </span>ទី<span class="s1"> </span>២៩<span class="s1"> </span>ខែ<span class="s1"> </span>កក្កដា<span class="s1"> </span>ឆ្នាំ<span class="s1"> </span>២០១៨<span class="s1"> </span>នេះថា<span class="s1"> </span>សេរី<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>យុត្តិធម៌<span class="s1"> </span>កម្រិត<span class="s1"> </span>ណា។<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>រស់<span class="s1"> </span>ឡើង<span class="s1"> </span>វិញ<span class="s1"> </span>នៃ<span class="s1"> </span>លទ្ធិ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រជាធិបតេយ្យ<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>កម្ពុជា<span class="s1"> </span>ត្រូវ<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>កត្តា<span class="s1"> </span>ជា<span class="s1"> </span>ច្រើន<span class="s1"> </span>លើស<span class="s1"> </span>ពីការ<span class="s1"> </span>បោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ឆ្នោត<span class="s1"> </span>ជ្រើសរើស<span class="s1"> </span>តំណាង<span class="s1"> </span>រាស្ត្រ។<span class="s1"> </span>វា<span class="s1"> </span>ទាមទារ<span class="s1"> </span>ឱ្យ<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>នីតិរដ្ឋ<span class="s1"> </span>អភិបាល<span class="s1"> </span>កិច្ច<span class="s1"> </span>ល្អ<span class="s1"> </span>សេរីភាព<span class="s1"> </span>នៃ<span class="s1"> </span>ការបញ្ចេញ<span class="s1"> </span>មតិ<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>ឯករាជភាព<span class="s1"> </span>សម្រាប់<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រព័ន្ធ<span class="s1"> </span>តុលា<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រព័ន្ធ<span class="s1"> </span>ផ្សព្វ<span class="s1"> </span>ផ្សាយ<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>គ្រឹះស្ថាន<span class="s1"> </span>សិក្សា<span class="s1"> </span>នៃ<span class="s1"> </span>ក្រុម<span class="s1"> </span>បញ្ញវន្ត។</div>
<div class="p1">
ជា<span class="s1"> </span>មួយ<span class="s1"> </span>នឹង<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>ចុះ<span class="s1"> </span>ហត្ថ<span class="s1"> </span>លេខា<span class="s1"> </span>លើកិច្ច<span class="s1"> </span>ព្រម<span class="s1"> </span>ព្រៀង<span class="s1"> </span>សន្តិភាព<span class="s1"> </span>ទី<span class="s1"> </span>ក្រុង<span class="s1"> </span>ប៉ារីស<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>បោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ឆ្នោត<span class="s1"> </span>ឆ្នាំ<span class="s1"> </span>១៩៩៣<span class="s1"> </span>ខ្ញុំ<span class="s1"> </span>តែង<span class="s1"> </span>រក្សា<span class="s1"> </span>នូវ<span class="s1"> </span>ក្ដីស្រមៃថា<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស<span class="s1"> </span>កម្ពុជា<span class="s1"> </span>ជា<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស<span class="s1"> </span>សេរី<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រជាធិបតេយ្យ<span class="s1"> </span>ដោយ<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>វិបុលភាព<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>សន្តិភាព<span class="s1"> </span>ជា<span class="s1"> </span>មួយ<span class="s1"> </span>ពិភព<span class="s1"> </span>លោក<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស<span class="s1"> </span>ខ្លួន<span class="s1"> </span>ផ្ទាល់។<span class="s1"> </span>ក្នុង<span class="s1"> </span>រយៈ<span class="s1"> </span>ពេល<span class="s1"> </span>មួយ<span class="s1"> </span>ទសវត្សរ៍<span class="s1"> </span>កន្លង<span class="s1"> </span>មក<span class="s1"> </span>នេះ<span class="s1"> </span>ខ្ញុំ<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>បង្ខំ<span class="s1"> </span>ចិត្ត<span class="s1"> </span>ឆ្លុះបញ្ចាំង<span class="s1"> </span>ឡើង<span class="s1"> </span>វិញ<span class="s1"> </span>នូវ<span class="s1"> </span>ចក្ខុវិស័យ<span class="s1"> </span>របស់<span class="s1"> </span>ខ្ញុំ<span class="s1"> </span>អំពី<span class="s1"> </span>អ្វី<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>កំពុង<span class="s1"> </span>កើត<span class="s1"> </span>ឡើង<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ក្នុង<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស<span class="s1"> </span>កម្ពុជា<span class="s1"> </span>នា<span class="s1"> </span>ពេល<span class="s1"> </span>បច្ចុប្បន្ន<span class="s1"> </span>នេះ។</div>
<div class="p1">
បន្ត<span class="s1"> </span>ទៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ទៀត<span class="s1"> </span>នេះ<span class="s1"> </span>គឺជា<span class="s1"> </span>ចំណាប់<span class="s1"> </span>អារម្មណ៍<span class="s1"> </span>របស់<span class="s1"> </span>ខ្ញុំ<span class="s1"> </span>ខណៈ<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស<span class="s1"> </span>ជាតិ<span class="s1"> </span>មើល<span class="s1"> </span>ទៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ឈាន<span class="s1"> </span>ដល់<span class="s1"> </span>ការពង្រីក<span class="s1"> </span>បន្ថែម<span class="s1"> </span>ទៀត<span class="s1"> </span>នៃ<span class="s1"> </span>ការគ្រប់<span class="s1"> </span>គ្រង<span class="s1"> </span>របស់<span class="s1"> </span>លោក<span class="s1"> </span>នាយក<span class="s1"> </span>រដ្ឋ<span class="s1"> </span>មន្រ្តី<span class="s1"> </span>ហ៊ុន<span class="s1"> </span>សែន<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>រយៈ<span class="s1"> </span>ពេល<span class="s1"> </span>៣៣ឆ្នាំ<span class="s1"> </span>មក<span class="s1"> </span>ហើយ។</div>
<div class="p1">
ការ<span class="s1"> </span>ឆ្លុះបញ្ចាំង<span class="s1"> </span>ឡើង<span class="s1"> </span>វិញ<span class="s1"> </span>អំពី<span class="s1"> </span>កម្ពុជា</div>
<div class="p1">
ខ្ញុំ<span class="s1"> </span>ស្រមៃថា<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស<span class="s1"> </span>កម្ពុជា<span class="s1"> </span>ជា<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស<span class="s1"> </span>មួយ<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>គ្មាន<span class="s1"> </span>នរ<span class="s1"> </span>ណាម្នាក់<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រព្រឹត្ត<span class="s1"> </span>អំពើ<span class="s1"> </span>ពុករលួយ<span class="s1"> </span>ឬ<span class="s1"> </span>ឧក្រិដ្ឋកម្ម<span class="s1"> </span>គ្មាន<span class="s1"> </span>ទោសពៃរ៍<span class="s1"> </span>ដូច<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>វា<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>កើត<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>ឡើង<span class="s1"> </span>ក្នុង<span class="s1"> </span>រយៈ<span class="s1"> </span>ពេល<span class="s1"> </span>៣<span class="s1"> </span>ទសវត្សរ៍<span class="s1"> </span>ចុង<span class="s1"> </span>ក្រោយ<span class="s1"> </span>នេះ<span class="s1"> </span>ទេ។</div>
<div class="p1">
ខ្ញុំ<span class="s1"> </span>ស្រមៃថា<span class="s1"> </span>កម្ពុជា<span class="s1"> </span>ចេះ<span class="s1"> </span>រៀន<span class="s1"> </span>សូត្រពីកំហុស<span class="s1"> </span>ក្នុង<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រវត្តិសាស្ត្រ<span class="s1"> </span>នយោបាយ<span class="s1"> </span>របស់<span class="s1"> </span>ខ្លួន<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>ធ្លាប់<span class="s1"> </span>ជា<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>ពឹង<span class="s1"> </span>ផ្អែក<span class="s1"> </span>ទាំង<span class="s1"> </span>ស្រុង<span class="s1"> </span>ទាំង<span class="s1"> </span>ខាង<span class="s1"> </span>នយោបាយ<span class="s1"> </span>សេដ្ឋកិច្ច<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>យោធា<span class="s1"> </span>ទៅ<span class="s1"> </span>លើទី<span class="s1"> </span>ក្រុង<span class="s1"> </span>ប៉េកាំង<span class="s1"> (</span>ដូច<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស<span class="s1"> </span>នេះ<span class="s1"> </span>ធ្លាប់<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>ធ្វើ<span class="s1"> </span>តាំង<span class="s1"> </span>ពីឆ្នាំ<span class="s1"> </span>១៩៧៥<span class="s1">-</span>១៩៧៩<span class="s1">) </span>។<span class="s1"> </span>មិន<span class="s1"> </span>ត្រូវ<span class="s1"> </span>ឱ្យ<span class="s1"> </span>អតីត<span class="s1"> </span>កាល<span class="s1"> </span>កើត<span class="s1"> </span>ឡើង<span class="s1"> </span>ដ<span class="s1"> </span>ដែលៗ<span class="s1"> </span>ឡើយ។</div>
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ខ្ញុំ<span class="s1"> </span>ស្រមៃថា<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស<span class="s1"> </span>មួយ<span class="s1"> </span>ដែលមាន<span class="s1"> </span>ការឆ្មក់<span class="s1"> </span>ចាប់<span class="s1"> </span>ទាំង<span class="s1"> </span>កណ្តាល<span class="s1"> </span>អាធ្រាត្រ<span class="s1"> </span>ដោយ<span class="s1"> </span>គ្មាន<span class="s1"> </span>ដីកា<span class="s1"> </span>ឬ<span class="s1"> </span>នីតិ<span class="s1"> </span>វិធី<span class="s1"> </span>ច្បាប់<span class="s1"> </span>ទៅ<span class="s1"> </span>លើមេ<span class="s1"> </span>ដឹក<span class="s1"> </span>នាំ<span class="s1"> </span>គណ<span class="s1"> </span>បក្ស<span class="s1"> </span>សង្គ្រោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ជាតិ<span class="s1"> </span>គឺ<span class="s1"> </span>លោក<span class="s1"> </span>កឹម<span class="s1"> </span>សុខា<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>គិត<span class="s1"> </span>ស្មាន<span class="s1"> </span>មិន<span class="s1"> </span>ដល់<span class="s1"> </span>ដូច្នេះឡើយ<span class="s1"> </span>។</div>
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ខ្ញុំ<span class="s1"> </span>ស្រមៃថា<span class="s1"> </span>កម្ពុជា<span class="s1"> </span>ជា<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស<span class="s1"> </span>មួយ<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>ស្តាប់<span class="s1"> </span>សំឡេង<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រជា<span class="s1"> </span>ពលរដ្ឋ<span class="s1"> </span>ជាង<span class="s1"> </span>៣លាន<span class="s1"> </span>នាក់<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>បោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ឆ្នោត<span class="s1"> </span>ឱ្យ<span class="s1"> </span>គណ<span class="s1"> </span>បក្ស</div>
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សង្គ្រោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ជាតិ<span class="s1"> </span>ជំនួស<span class="s1"> </span>ឱ្យ<span class="s1"> </span>ការបំបិទមាត់<span class="s1"> </span>ពួក<span class="s1"> </span>គាត់<span class="s1"> </span>ដើម្បី<span class="s1"> </span>រក្សា<span class="s1"> </span>សណ្តាប់ធ្នាប់<span class="s1"> </span>សម្រាប់<span class="s1"> </span>មនុស្ស<span class="s1"> </span>តិច<span class="s1"> </span>តួច<span class="s1"> </span>ក្នុង<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>សប្បាយ<span class="s1"> </span>រីក<span class="s1"> </span>រាយ<span class="s1"> </span>ដូច្នេះ<span class="s1"> </span>ទេ។</div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">លោក<span class="s1"><i> </i></span>កឹម<span class="s1"><i> </i></span>សុខា<span class="s1"><i> </i></span>ពេលចាប់ខ្លួន<span class="s1"><i> </i></span>កាលពីថ្ងៃទី៣<span class="s1"><i> </i></span>ខែកញ្ញា</span><br />
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ខ្ញុំ<span class="s1"> </span>ស្រមៃថា<span class="s1"> </span>វា<span class="s1"> </span>មិន<span class="s1"> </span>គួរ<span class="s1"> </span>កើត<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>ទាល់តែ<span class="s1"> </span>សោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>សម្លាប់<span class="s1"> </span>កម្មករ<span class="s1"> </span>រោង<span class="s1"> </span>ចក្រ<span class="s1"> </span>កាត់<span class="s1"> </span>ដេរ៤<span class="s1"> </span>នាក់<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>បាញ់<span class="s1"> </span>ទៅ<span class="s1"> </span>លើ<span class="s1"> </span>មនុស្ស<span class="s1"> </span>២៩<span class="s1"> </span>នាក់<span class="s1"> </span>ទៀត<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ក្នុង<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>តវ៉ា<span class="s1"> </span>មួយ<span class="s1"> </span>នៅឯ<span class="s1"> </span>មជ្ឈ<span class="s1"> </span>មណ្ឌល<span class="s1"> </span>ឧស្សាហកម្ម<span class="s1"> </span>កាណាឌីយ៉ា<span class="s1"> </span>ក្នុង<span class="s1"> </span>រាជធានី<span class="s1"> </span>ភ្នំពេញ<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ព្រឹក<span class="s1"> </span>ថ្ងៃ<span class="s1"> </span>ទី៣<span class="s1"> </span>ខែមិថុនា<span class="s1"> </span>ឆ្នាំ<span class="s1"> </span>២០១៤។</div>
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ខ្ញុំ<span class="s1"> </span>ស្រមៃថា<span class="s1"> </span>វា<span class="s1"> </span>មិន<span class="s1"> </span>គួរ<span class="s1"> </span>កើត<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>ទាល់តែ<span class="s1"> </span>សោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេសកម្ពុជា<span class="s1"> </span>ជា<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស<span class="s1"> </span>មួយ<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>បាញ់<span class="s1"> </span>សម្លាប់<span class="s1"> </span>លោក<span class="s1"> </span>បណ្ឌិត<span class="s1"> </span>កែម<span class="s1"> </span>ឡី<span class="s1"> </span>អ្នក<span class="s1"> </span>វិភាគ<span class="s1"> </span>នយោបាយ<span class="s1"> </span>ទាំង<span class="s1"> </span>កណ្តាល<span class="s1"> </span>ថ្ងៃ<span class="s1"> </span>កាល<span class="s1"> </span>ពីឆ្នាំ<span class="s1"> </span>២០១៦<span class="s1"> </span>ដោយ<span class="s1"> </span>អតីត<span class="s1"> </span>ទាហាន<span class="s1"> </span>ម្នាក់<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ស្ថានីយ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រេង<span class="s1"> </span>ឥន្ធនៈ<span class="s1"> </span>មួយ<span class="s1"> </span>កន្លែង<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ក្នុង<span class="s1"> </span>រាជធានី<span class="s1"> </span>ភ្នំពេញ<span class="s1"> </span>បន្ទាប់ពី<span class="s1"> </span>លោក<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>រិះគន់<span class="s1"> </span>គណ<span class="s1"> </span>បក្ស<span class="s1"> </span>កាន់<span class="s1"> </span>អំណាច។</div>
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ខ្ញុំ<span class="s1"> </span>ស្រមៃថា<span class="s1"> </span>វា<span class="s1"> </span>មិន<span class="s1"> </span>គួរ<span class="s1"> </span>កើត<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>ទាល់តែ<span class="s1"> </span>សោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>សមាជិក<span class="s1"> </span>សភាគណ<span class="s1"> </span>បក្ស<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រឆាំង<span class="s1"> </span>លោក<span class="s1"> </span>ញ៉យ<span class="s1"> </span>ចំរើន<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>លោក<span class="s1"> </span>គង់<span class="s1"> </span>សភា<span class="s1"> </span>ត្រូវ<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>អូស<span class="s1"> </span>ចេញ<span class="s1"> </span>ពី<span class="s1"> </span>រថយន្ត<span class="s1"> </span>យក<span class="s1"> </span>ទៅ<span class="s1"> </span>វាយ<span class="s1"> </span>ទាត់ធាក់<span class="s1"> </span>យ៉ាង<span class="s1"> </span>ដំណំ<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ឆ្នាំ<span class="s1"> </span>២០១៥<span class="s1"> </span>ដោយ<span class="s1"> </span>សមាជិក<span class="s1"> </span>បី<span class="s1"> </span>នាក់<span class="s1"> </span>នៃ<span class="s1"> </span>កង<span class="s1"> </span>អង្គរ<span class="s1"> </span>ក្ស<span class="s1"> </span>របស់<span class="s1"> </span>លោក<span class="s1"> </span>ហ៊ុន<span class="s1"> </span>សែន<span class="s1"> </span>ហើយ<span class="s1"> </span>ក្រោយ<span class="s1"> </span>មក<span class="s1"> </span>ត្រូវ<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>ដំ<span class="s1"> </span>ឡើង<span class="s1"> </span>ឋានៈ<span class="s1"> </span>ជា<span class="s1"> </span>បន្ត<span class="s1"> </span>បន្ទាប់។</div>
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ខ្ញុំ<span class="s1"> </span>ស្រមៃថា<span class="s1"> </span>វា<span class="s1"> </span>មិន<span class="s1"> </span>គួរ<span class="s1"> </span>កើត<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>ទាល់តែ<span class="s1"> </span>សោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ការផ្ទន្ទាទោស<span class="s1"> </span>ដាក់<span class="s1"> </span>ពន្ធនាការ<span class="s1"> </span>រយៈ<span class="s1"> </span>ពេល<span class="s1"> </span>៣០ខែ<span class="s1"> </span>ដោយ<span class="s1"> </span>សាលា<span class="s1"> </span>ដំបូង<span class="s1"> </span>រាជធានី<span class="s1"> </span>ភ្នំពេញ<span class="s1"> </span>កាល<span class="s1"> </span>ពីឆ្នាំ<span class="s1"> </span>មុន<span class="s1"> </span>លើ<span class="s1"> </span>អ្នក<span class="s1"> </span>ស្រី<span class="s1"> </span>ទេព<span class="s1"> </span>វន្នី<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>ជា<span class="s1"> </span>ម្តាយ<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>ជា<span class="s1"> </span>សកម្មជន<span class="s1"> </span>ដីធ្លី<span class="s1"> </span>ដ៏<span class="s1"> </span>លេចធ្លោ<span class="s1"> </span>ម្នាក់<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>តំបន់<span class="s1"> </span>បឹង<span class="s1"> </span>កក់<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>អង្គ<span class="s1"> </span>ការលើ<span class="s1"> </span>កលែងទោសអន្តរជាតិ<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>បញ្ជា<span class="s1"> </span>ក់<span class="s1"> </span>ថា<span class="s1"> </span>អ្នក<span class="s1"> </span>ស្រី<span class="s1"> “</span>មិន<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>ធ្វើ<span class="s1"> </span>អ្វី<span class="s1"> </span>សោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ក្រៅ<span class="s1"> </span>តែពី<span class="s1"> </span>បានធ្វើការ<span class="s1"> </span>តស៊ូ<span class="s1"> </span>ដោយ<span class="s1"> </span>សន្តិ<span class="s1"> </span>វិធី<span class="s1"> </span>សម្រាប់សហគមន៍<span class="s1"> </span>របស់<span class="s1"> </span>គាត់<span class="s1">”</span>។<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ពេល<span class="s1"> </span>កំពុង<span class="s1"> </span>សរសេរ<span class="s1"> </span>នេះ<span class="s1"> </span>អ្នក<span class="s1"> </span>ស្រី<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>ចំណាយ<span class="s1"> </span>ពេល<span class="s1"> </span>ជាង៧០០<span class="s1"> </span>ថ្ងៃ<span class="s1"> </span>ទៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ហើយ<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ក្នុង<span class="s1"> </span>ការឃុំ<span class="s1"> </span>ខ្លួន<span class="s1"> </span>តាម<span class="s1"> </span>តែ<span class="s1"> </span>អំពើ<span class="s1"> </span>ចិត្ត។</div>
<div class="p1">
ខ្ញុំ<span class="s1"> </span>ស្រមៃថា<span class="s1"> </span>វា<span class="s1"> </span>មិន<span class="s1"> </span>គួរ<span class="s1"> </span>កើត<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>ទាល់តែ<span class="s1"> </span>សោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ចំពោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រើ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រាស់<span class="s1"> </span>វិធី<span class="s1"> </span>សាស្ត្រ<span class="s1"> </span>នានា<span class="s1"> </span>ដើម្បី<span class="s1"> </span>រម្លាយ<span class="s1"> </span>គណ<span class="s1"> </span>បក្ស<span class="s1"> </span>សង្គ្រោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ជាតិ<span class="s1"> </span>ជាការ<span class="s1"> </span>គំរាម<span class="s1"> </span>កំហែង<span class="s1"> </span>ដ៏<span class="s1"> </span>ពិត<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រាកដ<span class="s1"> </span>ចំពោះ<span class="s1"> </span>អំណាច<span class="s1"> </span>ផ្ដាច់<span class="s1"> </span>មុខ<span class="s1"> </span>របស់<span class="s1"> </span>ឥស្សរជន<span class="s1"> </span>ដឹក<span class="s1"> </span>នាំ<span class="s1"> </span>បច្ចុប្បន្ន<span class="s1"> </span>នេះ។</div>
<div class="p1">
ខ្ញុំ<span class="s1"> </span>ស្រមៃថា<span class="s1"> </span>វា<span class="s1"> </span>មិន<span class="s1"> </span>គួរ<span class="s1"> </span>កើត<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>ទាល់តែ<span class="s1"> </span>សោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ចំពោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស<span class="s1"> </span>កម្ពុជា<span class="s1"> </span>កំពុង<span class="s1"> </span>ក្លាយជា<span class="s1"> </span>រដ្ឋ<span class="s1"> </span>យោធា<span class="s1"> </span>ឯក<span class="s1"> </span>បក្ស<span class="s1"> </span>ដោយ<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>ឧត្តមសេនីយ៍ច្រើន<span class="s1"> </span>ជាង<span class="s1"> </span>៨០០<span class="s1"> </span>នាក់<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>ក្នុង<span class="s1"> </span>នោះ<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>មន្ត្រី<span class="s1"> </span>ជាន់<span class="s1"> </span>ខ្ពស់<span class="s1"> </span>នៃ<span class="s1"> </span>កងយោធពលខេមរភូ<span class="s1"> </span>មិន្ទប្រហែល<span class="s1"> </span>៣០០<span class="s1"> </span>នាក់<span class="s1"> </span>ត្រូវ<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>ដំ<span class="s1"> </span>ឡើង<span class="s1"> </span>ឋានៈ<span class="s1"> </span>តែ<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ក្នុង<span class="s1"> </span>ឆ្នាំ<span class="s1"> </span>នេះ<span class="s1"> </span>ប៉ុណ្ណោះ។</div>
<div class="p1">
ខ្ញុំ<span class="s1"> </span>ស្រមៃថា<span class="s1"> </span>វា<span class="s1"> </span>មិន<span class="s1"> </span>គួរ<span class="s1"> </span>កើត<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>ទាល់តែ<span class="s1"> </span>សោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ចំពោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រជា<span class="s1"> </span>ពលរដ្ឋ<span class="s1"> </span>កម្ពុជាត្រូវ<span class="s1"> </span>ចំណាយ<span class="s1"> </span>លះបង់<span class="s1"> </span>អាយុ<span class="s1"> </span>ជីវិតក្នុង<span class="s1"> </span>ការតស៊ូ<span class="s1"> </span>ដើម្បី<span class="s1"> </span>សិទ្ធិ<span class="s1"> </span>របស់<span class="s1"> </span>ពួក<span class="s1"> </span>គាត់<span class="s1"> </span>ហើយ<span class="s1"> </span>ត្រូវ<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>ទទួល<span class="s1"> </span>រង<span class="s1"> </span>នូវ<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>បំភិតបំភ័យ<span class="s1"> </span>ពី<span class="s1"> </span>សំណាក់<span class="s1"> </span>រដ្ឋ<span class="s1"> </span>អំណាច<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ពេល<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>ពួក<span class="s1"> </span>គាត់ត<span class="s1"> </span>តាំង<span class="s1"> </span>ដើម្បី<span class="s1"> </span>ផល<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រយោជន៍<span class="s1"> </span>របស់<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស<span class="s1"> </span>ជាតិ។</div>
<div class="p1">
ខ្ញុំ<span class="s1"> </span>ស្រមៃ<span class="s1"> </span>ចង់<span class="s1"> </span>ឃើញ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស<span class="s1"> </span>របស់<span class="s1"> </span>ខ្ញុំ<span class="s1"> </span>ក្លាយជា<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស<span class="s1"> </span>មួយ<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រជា<span class="s1"> </span>ពលរដ្ឋ<span class="s1"> </span>កម្ពុជា<span class="s1"> </span>អាច<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>សេរីភាព<span class="s1"> </span>ជា<span class="s1"> </span>មូលដ្ឋាន<span class="s1"> </span>ដូចជា<span class="s1"> </span>សិទ្ធិ<span class="s1"> </span>ក្នុង<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>ជួប<span class="s1"> </span>ជុំ<span class="s1"> </span>គ្នា<span class="s1"> </span>ដោយ<span class="s1"> </span>សន្តិ<span class="s1"> </span>វិធី<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រមូល<span class="s1"> </span>ផ្តុំ<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>ការបញ្ចេញ<span class="s1"> </span>មតិ<span class="s1"> </span>ដោយ<span class="s1"> </span>សេរី។</div>
<div class="p1">
ខ្ញុំ<span class="s1"> </span>ស្រមៃ<span class="s1"> </span>គិត<span class="s1"> </span>ថា<span class="s1"> </span>កម្ពុជា<span class="s1"> </span>ជា<span class="s1"> </span>កន្លែង<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>តុលា<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>យុត្តិធម៌<span class="s1"> </span>មិន<span class="s1"> </span>ស្ថិត<span class="s1"> </span>ក្រោម<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>ត្រួត<span class="s1"> </span>ត្រា<span class="s1"> </span>ខាង<span class="s1"> </span>នយោបាយ<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>ត្រូវ<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រើ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រាស់<span class="s1"> </span>ដើម្បី<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រឆាំង<span class="s1"> </span>អ្នក<span class="s1"> </span>រិះគន់<span class="s1"> </span>របប<span class="s1"> </span>នេះដូច្នេះឡើយ<span class="s1"> </span>។</div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">មណ្ឌលបោះឆ្នោតឃុំត្រពាំងចាន់<span class="s1"><i> </i></span>ស្រុកបរិបូណ៍<span class="s1"><i> </i></span>ខេត្តកំពង់ឆ្នាំង</span><br />
<span style="font-size: xx-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
លទ្ធិ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រជាធិបតេយ្យ<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>កម្ពុជា<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>កំពុង<span class="s1"> </span>ស្លាប់<span class="s1"> </span>យ៉ាង<span class="s1"> </span>សន្សឹមៗ<span class="s1"> </span>ទៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ហើយ។<span class="s1"> </span>ក៏<span class="s1"> </span>ប៉ុន្តែ<span class="s1"> </span>ខ្ញុំ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រកាន់<span class="s1"> </span>យកចក្ខុវិស័យ<span class="s1"> </span>របស់<span class="s1"> </span>ខ្ញុំ<span class="s1"> </span>អំពី<span class="s1"> </span>មាតុ<span class="s1"> </span>ភូមិ<span class="s1"> </span>របស់<span class="s1"> </span>ខ្ញុំ<span class="s1"> </span>ថា<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>តែអាច<span class="s1"> </span>ក្លាយ<span class="s1"> </span>ទៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ជា<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស<span class="s1"> </span>មួយ<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>ថ្ងៃ<span class="s1"> </span>ណាមួយមាន<span class="s1"> </span>ឆន្ទៈ<span class="s1"> </span>រៀន<span class="s1"> </span>សូត្រអំពីកំហុសពី<span class="s1"> </span>អតីត<span class="s1"> </span>កាល<span class="s1"> </span>របស់</div>
<div class="p1">
ខ្លួន។</div>
<div class="p1">
ខ្ញុំ<span class="s1"> </span>ស្រមៃថា<span class="s1"> </span>តើ<span class="s1"> </span>កូន<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រុស<span class="s1"> </span>របស់<span class="s1"> </span>ខ្ញុំ<span class="s1"> </span>ផ្ទាល់<span class="s1"> </span>នឹង<span class="s1"> </span>ចម្រើន<span class="s1"> </span>វ័យ<span class="s1"> </span>ធំ<span class="s1"> </span>ធាត់<span class="s1"> </span>ដើម្បី<span class="s1"> </span>រស់<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ឆ្លង<span class="s1"> </span>កាត់<span class="s1"> </span>ពិភព<span class="s1"> </span>លោក<span class="s1"> </span>បែប<span class="s1"> </span>នេះ<span class="s1"> </span>យ៉ាង<span class="s1"> </span>ដូចម្ដេច<span class="s1"> </span>ដូចប្រជា<span class="s1"> </span>ពលរដ្ឋ<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ក្នុង<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស<span class="s1"> </span>កម្ពុជា<span class="s1"> </span>សព្វ<span class="s1"> </span>ថ្ងៃ<span class="s1"> </span>នេះ<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>ត្រូវ<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>ឡោមព័ទ្ធ<span class="s1"> </span>ដោយ<span class="s1"> </span>កង<span class="s1"> </span>កម្លាំង<span class="s1"> </span>សន្តិសុខ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រដាប់<span class="s1"> </span>អាវុធ<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>រំលោភ<span class="s1"> </span>បំពាន<span class="s1"> </span>មកលើ<span class="s1"> </span>គាត់ជារៀង<span class="s1"> </span>រាល់<span class="s1"> </span>ថ្ងៃ<span class="s1"> </span>ពី<span class="s1"> </span>សំណាក់<span class="s1"> </span>អ្នក<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>ទ្រព្យ<span class="s1"> </span>សម្បត្តិ។<span class="s1"> </span>ដូច<span class="s1"> </span>ពួក<span class="s1"> </span>គេ<span class="s1"> </span>ដែរ<span class="s1"> </span>គាត់<span class="s1"> </span>ក៏<span class="s1"> </span>នឹង<span class="s1"> </span>ដឹង<span class="s1"> </span>ដែរ<span class="s1"> </span>ថា<span class="s1"> </span>គាត់<span class="s1"> </span>អាចយក<span class="s1"> </span>អ្វី<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>គាត់<span class="s1"> </span>ចង់<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>ដោយ<span class="s1"> </span>មិន<span class="s1"> </span>ចាំបាច់<span class="s1"> </span>គិត<span class="s1"> </span>ពិចារណា<span class="s1"> </span>ពី<span class="s1"> </span>អ្នក<span class="s1"> </span>ដទៃ<span class="s1"> </span>ឬ<span class="s1"> </span>ចំពោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ផលវិបាក<span class="s1"> </span>ឡើយ។<span class="s1"> </span>ទាយ<span class="s1"> </span>ទៅ<span class="s1"> </span>មើល<span class="s1"> </span>តើ<span class="s1"> </span>សង្គម<span class="s1"> </span>បែប<span class="s1"> </span>នេះ<span class="s1"> </span>បង្កើត<span class="s1"> </span>អ្វី<span class="s1"> </span>ខ្លះ<span class="s1">? </span>ផ្ទុយ<span class="s1"> </span>ទៅ<span class="s1"> </span>វិញ<span class="s1"> </span>ខ្ញុំ<span class="s1"> </span>ចង់<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស<span class="s1"> </span>កម្ពុជា<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>មេ<span class="s1"> </span>ដឹក<span class="s1"> </span>នាំ<span class="s1"> </span>របស់<span class="s1"> </span>ខ្លួន<span class="s1"> </span>បង្ហាញ<span class="s1"> </span>ពីភាពរាប<span class="s1"> </span>ទាប<span class="s1"> </span>និង</div>
<div class="p1">
ឆន្ទៈ<span class="s1"> </span>ក្នុង<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>ទទួល<span class="s1"> </span>យកការ<span class="s1"> </span>រិះគន់<span class="s1"> </span>ហើយ<span class="s1"> </span>ចាប់<span class="s1"> </span>អារម្មណ៍<span class="s1"> </span>ក្នុង<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>ឆ្លើយតប<span class="s1"> </span>ទៅ<span class="s1"> </span>នឹង<span class="s1"> </span>ឆន្ទៈ<span class="s1"> </span>របស់<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រជា<span class="s1"> </span>ពលរដ្ឋ។</div>
<div class="p1">
លទ្ធផល<span class="s1"> </span>នៃ<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>បោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ឆ្នោត<span class="s1"> </span>សាកល<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>នឹង<span class="s1"> </span>កើត<span class="s1"> </span>ឡើង<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ពេល<span class="s1"> </span>ខាង<span class="s1"> </span>មុខនេះ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រហែល<span class="s1"> </span>ជាគេអាចទស្សន៍ទាយ<span class="s1"> </span>បាន។<span class="s1"> </span>ប៉ុន្តែ<span class="s1"> </span>សន្តិភាព<span class="s1"> </span>មួយ<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>យុត្តិធម៌<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>យូរ<span class="s1"> </span>អង្វែង<span class="s1"> </span>សម្រាប់<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រជា<span class="s1"> </span>ពលរដ្ឋ<span class="s1"> </span>កម្ពុជា<span class="s1"> </span>ទាំង<span class="s1"> </span>អស់អាច<span class="s1"> </span>ធ្វើ<span class="s1"> </span>ទៅ<span class="s1"> </span>បាន។<span class="s1"> </span>មេ<span class="s1"> </span>ដឹក<span class="s1"> </span>នាំ<span class="s1"> </span>បច្ចុប្បន្ន<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>លទ្ធភាពអាចបង្កើត<span class="s1"> </span>លក្ខខណ្ឌ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រជាធិបតេយ្យ<span class="s1"> </span>ហើយ<span class="s1"> </span>ឆ្លើយតប<span class="s1"> </span>ទៅ<span class="s1"> </span>នឹង<span class="s1"> </span>ក្តី<span class="s1"> </span>សង្ឃឹម<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>ក្តីសុបិន<span class="s1"> </span>របស់<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រជា<span class="s1"> </span>ពលរដ្ឋ។</div>
<div class="p1">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5258157093633067471" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: left;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5258157093633067471" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=5258157093633067471" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a>ការគាប<span class="s1"> </span>សង្កត់<span class="s1"> </span>លើ<span class="s1"> </span>អ្នក<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>មិន<span class="s1"> </span>យល់<span class="s1"> </span>ស្របជា<span class="s1"> </span>មួយ<span class="s1"> </span>របៀបវារៈ<span class="s1"> </span>នយោបាយ<span class="s1"> </span>បច្ចុប្បន្ន<span class="s1"> </span>មិន<span class="s1"> </span>មែន<span class="s1"> </span>ជា<span class="s1"> </span>មធ្យោបាយ<span class="s1"> </span>នាំ<span class="s1"> </span>មក<span class="s1"> </span>នូវ<span class="s1"> </span>សន្តិភាព<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>ការអភិវឌ្ឍ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រកប<span class="s1"> </span>ដោយ<span class="s1"> </span>ចីរភាពទេ។<span class="s1"> </span>សម្ដចព្រះ<span class="s1"> </span>មហា<span class="s1"> </span>ឃោសនន្ទ<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>ត្រូវ<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>អ្នក<span class="s1"> </span>ផង<span class="s1"> </span>ស្គាល់<span class="s1"> </span>ថាជា<span class="s1"> “</span>ព្រះ<span class="s1"> </span>ពុទ្ធ<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>កណ្ដាល<span class="s1"> </span>សមរ<span class="s1"> </span>ភូមិ<span class="s1">” </span>ធ្លាប់<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>រំឭក<span class="s1"> </span>យើង<span class="s1"> </span>ទាំង<span class="s1"> </span>អស់<span class="s1"> </span>គ្នា<span class="s1"> </span>ថា<span class="s1"> “</span>ការឈឺ<span class="s1"> </span>ចាប់<span class="s1"> </span>របស់<span class="s1"> </span>កម្ពុជា<span class="s1"> </span>កាន់<span class="s1"> </span>តែ<span class="s1"> </span>ខ្លាំង<span class="s1"> </span>ឡើង។<span class="s1"> </span>ពីការរង<span class="s1"> </span>ទុក្ខ<span class="s1"> </span>នេះ<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>សេចក្តី<span class="s1"> </span>មេត្តា<span class="s1"> </span>ករុណា<span class="s1"> </span>ដ៏<span class="s1"> </span>ធំ<span class="s1"> </span>ធេង។<span class="s1"> </span>វា<span class="s1"> </span>គឺជា<span class="s1"> </span>ច្បាប់<span class="s1"> </span>សាកល<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>ការតបត<span class="s1"> </span>ការស្អប់ខ្ពើម<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>ការសងសឹក<span class="s1"> </span>បន្ត<span class="s1"> </span>នូវ<span class="s1"> </span>វដ្ត<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>មិន<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>ឈប់<span class="s1"> </span>ឡើយ<span class="s1">”</span>។</div>
<div class="p1">
សូម<span class="s1"> </span>ឱ្យ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រជា<span class="s1"> </span>ពលរដ្ឋ<span class="s1"> </span>កម្ពុជា<span class="s1"> </span>ទាំង<span class="s1"> </span>អស់<span class="s1"> </span>មើល<span class="s1"> </span>ឃើញ<span class="s1"> </span>អ្វី<span class="s1"> </span>ដែល<span class="s1"> </span>កំពុង<span class="s1"> </span>កើត<span class="s1"> </span>ឡើង<span class="s1"> </span>ពិត<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រាកដ<span class="s1"> </span>ចំពោះ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រទេស<span class="s1"> </span>របស់<span class="s1"> </span>យើង។<span class="s1"> </span>សូម<span class="s1"> </span>ឱ្យ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រជា<span class="s1"> </span>ពលរដ្ឋ<span class="s1"> </span>កម្ពុជា<span class="s1"> </span>ទាំង<span class="s1"> </span>អស់<span class="s1"> </span>អាច<span class="s1"> </span>រស់<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>រួច<span class="s1"> </span>ផុតពី<span class="s1"> </span>ការភ័យ<span class="s1"> </span>ខ្លាច<span class="s1"> </span>ពីការ<span class="s1"> </span>ចង់<span class="s1"> </span>បាន<span class="s1"> </span>និង<span class="s1"> </span>មាន<span class="s1"> </span>សេរីភាព<span class="s1"> </span>ក្នុង<span class="s1"> </span>ការ<span class="s1"> </span>រស់<span class="s1"> </span>នៅ<span class="s1"> </span>ប្រកប<span class="s1"> </span>ដោយ<span class="s1"> </span>សេចក្តី<span class="s1"> </span>ថ្លៃ<span class="s1"> </span>ថ្នូរ។</div>
<div class="p2">
<br /></div>
<div class="p1">
ពូ<span class="s1"> </span>សុវចនា</div>
<div class="p1" style="text-align: left;">
<style type="text/css">
p.p1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 12.0px 'Khmer Sangam MN'; color: #454545}
p.p2 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 12.0px Helvetica; color: #454545; min-height: 14.0px}
span.s1 {font: 12.0px Helvetica}
</style>
</div>
<div class="p1">
ប្រជា<span class="s1"> </span>ពលរដ្ឋ<span class="s1"> </span>សាមញ្ញ<span class="s1"> </span>ម្នាក់<span class="s1"> </span>នៅភ្នំពេញ</div>
<div class="p1">
<br /></div>
<div class="p1">
<br /></div>
<div class="p1">
<br /></div>
Sovachana Pouhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02414740236454935245noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5258157093633067471.post-4927174006324831042018-07-26T15:35:00.002-07:002018-07-26T15:35:50.651-07:00Re-Imagining Cambodia Today and Beyond
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<b style="font-family: Times; font-size: 12pt;">Decades of internal conflict and brutality in
Cambodia culminated in the deaths of some two million people in the late 1970s,
and the destruction of its social fabric during the reign of terror wrought by
the Khmer Rouge.</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="font-family: Times; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">Since then, continuing poverty, widespread
corruption, systemic injustice, and human rights violations have perpetuated a
climate fear and despair. The signing of Paris Peace Agreements (PPA) in 1991
marked both an end and a new beginning: an end to the civil and interstate wars
and the Killing Fields and the beginning of an era of national reconciliation,
peace building and development. Most importantly, the PPA brought democracy to
Cambodia and enabled the first post-conflict national election to be held in
May 1993. However, although the Royalist National United Front for an
Independent, Neutral, Peaceful and Cooperative Cambodia (FUNCINPEC) party, led
by Prince Norodom Ranarridh, officially won the election, Hun Sen, who had
ruled the country through the 1980s, refused to cede power. A power-sharing
arrangement was consequently arranged with both leaders as co-prime ministers. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">On Sunday, Cambodians will go to the polls
for the sixth time since 1993. The country remains at peace and has enjoyed
strong and consistent economic growth, with GDP growth over the last two
decades averaging over 7 per cent and ranking it as the sixth fastest growing
economy in the world and the top performer in Asean. Nevertheless, the country
has failed to deliver tangible benefits to many ordinary citizens. Widespread
economic inequality persists throughout the country. Many Cambodians are still
struggling for food, shelter, health and education. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">The country has also seen a dramatic
escalation in intimidation and arbitrary arrests facilitated by a politicised
judiciary and a rubber stamp legislature. Cambodian democracy has remained a
facade. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">The fifth national election in 2013 and the
commune elections in 2017 saw large gains by the main opposition Cambodian
National Rescue Party (CNRP). Until this time, Hun Sen’s Cambodian People’s
Party (CPP) had enjoyed a virtual monopoly on power, but this marked a turning
point. The leader of the CNRP, Kem Sokha, was subsequently imprisoned and 118
senior party members were forbidden to engage in political activities for five
years. The press and civil society across the country came under attack,
lawmakers were subjected to violence, and several prominent activists were
assassinated. These attacks marked “the death of democracy” according to Asean
Parliamentarians for Human Rights and “turned the country into a de facto
one-party state”. After systematically silencing all critics, even the
semblance state of pluralistic democracy no longer exists since the state has
consistently failed to protect its own people from major human rights
violations. More than ever, it is clear that whatever once existed as Cambodian
democracy has crumbled and human security has collapsed. Only the Cambodian
people can ultimately determine the long- term viability of the current regime
to bring full democracy, lasting peace and prosperity for all. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">Today, the country stands at a crossroads.
Its future depends on the credibility of Sunday’s election as free and fair.
The survival of Cambodian democracy requires more than the government winning a
majority in the ballot box. It requires the rule of law, good governance,
freedom of speech and independence for the judiciary, the media and academics. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">With the signing of the Paris Peace Accords
and the elections of 1993, I imagined a free and democratic Cambodia,
prospering and at peace with the world and itself. Over the past decade I have
been compelled to review that vision. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">Re-envisioning Cambodia </span></b><span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">I imagine a Cambodia where no one who commits
corruption or crime can be untouchable as they have been for the past 33 years.
I am afraid that Cambodia is once again becoming politically, economically, and
militarily dependent on Beijing (as it did once before from 1975-1979). The
past does not have to be repeated. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">I imagine a country in which the midnight
raid and arrest without warrant or legal process of CNRP leader Kem Sokha would
be unthinkable. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">I imagine a country that would listen to the
voices of the more than three millions people who voted for the CNRP instead of
silencing them in order to maintain order for the privileged few to enjoy. I
imagine a country in which the killing of four garment workers and the shooting
of 29 others in a protest at the Canada Industrial Complex in Phnom Penh on the
morning of January 2014 could never have happened. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">I imagine a country in which the gunning down
in 2016 of political analyst Kem Ley by a former soldier at a gas station in
Phnom Penh after he had criticised the ruling party would be unimaginable. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">I am deeply saddened by the fact that
opposition officials MPs Nhay Chamroeun and Kong Sophea were beaten in 2015 by
the three members of Hun Sen’s bodyguard unit who were subsequently promoted. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">I am stunned by the 30-month sentence imposed
last year by the Phnom Penh Municipal Court on the mother and prominent land
activist from Boeung Kak, Tep Vanny, who “has done nothing but peacefully stand
up for her community”, according to Amnesty <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">International. At time of writing, she has
spent over 700 days in arbitrary detention. I am disturbed by the way the CNRP,
as the only realistic threat to the regime’s monopoly on power, was forcibly
dissolved last year. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">I am distressed by the way Cambodia is
becoming a one-party military state with almost 800 active duty generals and
some 300 Royal Cambodian Armed Forces officers being promoted this year alone. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">I am appalled by the way that Cambodians are
sacrificing their lives in their fight for their rights and are subjected to
intimidation by the government whenever they challenge its interests. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">I long to see my country become one in which
Cambodians can enjoy fundamental freedoms, such as the right to peaceful
assembly, association and expression. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">I envision a Cambodia where the courts of
justice are no longer politically controlled and used against regime critics. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">Way forward </span></b><span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">Democracy in Cambodia is dying. Yet, I hold
onto my vision of my homeland as a country that will one day be willing to
learn from past mistakes. I imagine how my own young son would experience the
world should he, like today’s elite in Cambodia, be surrounded by armed guards
and his every whim indulged by wealthy benefactors. Like them, he too would
learn that he could take whatever he desired without consideration for others
or for the consequences. What sort of society does this create? Instead, I long
for a Cambodia whose leaders show humility, a willingness to accept criticism
and an interest in responding to the will of the people. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">The results of Sunday’s general election are
perhaps predictable. But a just and lasting peace for all Cambodians is
possible. The current leadership can create democratic conditions and answer to
the hopes and dreams of the people. Oppression of those who disagree with the
current political agenda is not the way to bring about sustainable peace and
development. Preah Moha Ghosananda, the Supreme Patriarch of Cambodia
(1988-2007), also known as “The Buddha of the Battlefield”, reminds us all that
“The suffering of Cambodia has been deep. From this suffering comes great
compassion. It is a law of the universe that retaliation, hatred and revenge
only continue the cycle and never stop.” <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">May all Cambodians see what really is
happening to our country. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 13.0pt; margin-bottom: 12.0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">May all Cambodians be able to live free from fear and
want and be free to live in dignity.</span></div>
<br />
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<span style="background: white; color: #1d2129; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Published in the Nation on 27 July 2018</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://www.nationmultimedia.com/detail/opinion/30350918">http://www.nationmultimedia.com/detail/opinion/30350918</a><o:p></o:p></div>
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</style>Sovachana Pouhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02414740236454935245noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5258157093633067471.post-83139577398806766002018-04-27T12:17:00.001-07:002018-04-27T12:28:13.613-07:00The Troubling Truths in My Broken Homeland<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXIgt2Oj1fPP76yg4I69m9lojnOATUh2AnbIF7TbPw3kKwZwecqIYlo7r4-nOe7DJyxzIb3DPpRjZB7MqNJOn6GpsQ1IuSpM-_9BFp9-iMO2l205cRS_1vDkzQS4DB9D7lzfJPDdAz569i/s1600/27292658_10216108921820949_2025510674_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="960" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXIgt2Oj1fPP76yg4I69m9lojnOATUh2AnbIF7TbPw3kKwZwecqIYlo7r4-nOe7DJyxzIb3DPpRjZB7MqNJOn6GpsQ1IuSpM-_9BFp9-iMO2l205cRS_1vDkzQS4DB9D7lzfJPDdAz569i/s320/27292658_10216108921820949_2025510674_n.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Roadblocks and tight security force on Samdech Sothearos on 16 November 2018. The Supreme Court ruled to dissolve the viable CNRP and banned 118 party officials from politics for 5 years. The National Assembly redistributed the 55 seats of of CNRP to government aligned-parties.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<br />
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right: 4.95pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">“Vis
consilii <span style="letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">e</span>xpers mole ruit sua.” - <o:p></o:p></span></span></i><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;">Horace, Odes, 3, 4, 65</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-right: 4.95pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">(<span style="mso-text-raise: 1.0pt; position: relative; top: -1.0pt;">Force<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>wit<span style="letter-spacing: .1pt;">h</span>out<span style="letter-spacing: -.4pt;"> </span>judgment,<span style="letter-spacing: -.55pt;">
</span>collapses<span style="letter-spacing: -.5pt;"> </span>under<span style="letter-spacing: -.3pt;"> </span>its<span style="letter-spacing: -.15pt;"> </span>own<span style="letter-spacing: -.2pt;"> </span><span style="mso-font-width: 99%;">weight)</span></span></span></span></i></div>
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<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: center; text-autospace: none;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">“The history of man’s progress is a chronicle
of authority refuted.”- </span></span></i><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;">Author
Unknown</span></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br />
<br /></div>
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">The Troubling Truths</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">These personal reflections and difficult realizations are what I found from traveling across the country conducting fieldwork on human security as well as talking, listening and learning from people representing all walks of life who willingly expressed their deep dissatisfaction and grave concerns about the future direction of Cambodian democracy. They represent the voices of change many citizens wish to see in Cambodia as the government’s abuse of its power against its own citizens has created deepening fear, intimidation, harassment, humiliation and both threats and acts of physical violence. Lasting Peace cannot be sustained and secured without justice and the support of all citizens. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Below I have listed some of the most pressing issues that need to be addressed and resolved before true democracy, national reconciliation and lasting peace can be achieved for all. What I am about to express here is may not be new to many, but my intent is to raise these troubling truths in a different light by offering suggestions and possible solutions. This list is not meant as criticism of the present leadership but more as a suggestion of areas to study and on which to focus change to make Cambodia a nation of prosperity for ALL with lasting peace and equal opportunity.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">1. It is not possible for me to understand everything that happens here; some things will never make sense. I have learned to accept this as an unfortunate and ugly reality of life. My homeland and the people are torn apart by some members of government that are ineffectual for the majority of average citizens, especially in remote areas. A good number of high ranking and elected officials have recast their position from public servant to master of the people. It is important that these public servants subsume personal and/or party interests in favor of actions that serve the majority of the people. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">2. While the country is at peace and enjoys strong and consistent economic growth (an average growth rate of more than 7% for two decades and ranking the sixth fastest growing country in the world along with commendable poverty reduction of 13.5% in 2014 compared to 47.8% in 2007 according to the World Bank), it has failed to deliver tangible benefits to ordinary citizens. There is deeply embedded inequality across the country. Going forward, it is important to create an economy that is more inclusive and equitable.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">3. The wealth gap of the nation is widening rapidly. Daily I witness the enormous disparity between the "haves" and the "have-nots". The basic needs and fundamental rights of the most vulnerable are not addressed in an adequate manner (i.e. education, health care, food, shelter, and a living wage). Many citizens have experienced the systematic disadvantages of the social, economic, and political structure of the present regime (structural violence). It is important that everyone sees for themselves that they are benefitting from this strong economic growth as welll and only the ruling members. As Nelson Mandela said, “Peace is not just the absence of conflict; peace is the creation of an environment where all can flourish, regardless of race, color, creed, religion, gender, class, caste, or any other social markers of difference”. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">4. My country has suffered with ineffective lawmakers and elected or appointed officials, at almost all levels, who don’t put the interests of the people and the country first and foremost. They place their own welfare and personal benefits at the forefront. Top policy makers are divided and they cannot put their differences aside to work together for the common interest of the nation. Deep fear, social suspicion and distrust have become the norm in the Cambodian political culture and society. My country should embrace governance by law instead of governance by powerful and greedy leaders. The hallmark of a effective and responsive government is that it adheres to the rule of law, features transparency, and is accountable for its actions or failure to bring necessary development. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">5. Many of us have forgotten the value of ethical and moral behavior. Whether I am at an intersection where many drivers ignore the signals or teaching at a university that has students blatantly cheating, I witness this behavior daily. It is a sad disregard for laws and rules as well as common decency that reflect the most basic teachings of the Buddha. When the people do not choose to respect the rule of law, how can one expect those in position of power to embrace it? Cambodia is the worst in the region for rule of law - ranked 112 out of 113 countries surveyed according to the annual Rule of Law index in 2016.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">6. The current government has failed to improve civil and political rights as well as equal access to employment opportunities, to quality health care and education. It is important to understand that in any nation, the government is the main protector and guarantor of civil and political rights. The culture of patronage, nepotism, favoritism, and familial politics that permeates almost all the institutions in the country, do not allow an environment where true democracy can flourish. Again, our leaders need to focus on creating this environment.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">7. There is an increasingly large number of landless people. Expropriation of land is real, alive and widespread among greedy and powerful political and economic elites, often in partnership with foreign interests as many reports and studies show. Land is life and offers economic and personal security for the people. The beneficiaries of these land appropriations appear to be well-connected officials and owners of agro-businesses, as there is no transparency to track financial profits especially to the villages affected. At one of the public forums in Phnom Penh on land issues, one participant disclosed, “All this development is destroying our lives”.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">8. Poverty is rampant over the world, but there is nothing like being poor in Cambodia. It is very fashionable to talk about the poor so that top leaders can get more foreign aid. Unfortunately it is not fashionable to talk with the poor to find out the reality of their real suffering. The environment that most Cambodians are living in now is hurting the next generation. We have lost many, many traditional values and cultural markers (for example honesty, mutual trust,…). </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">9. Doing what one has to do to survive can result in devastation to one’s identity and self-esteem. Life is simply not fair for the majority of Cambodians. For those just getting by this might entail selling a daughter into slavery or having to sell the family land out of desperation. For those fortunate enough to be placed in high positions, this can mean being forced into unethical actions without question. And, for the vast majority, it translates to going about one’s daily business without asking questions, voting out of fear for one’s personal safety rather than the good of the nation, or simply focusing on making more money and then happily spending it.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">10. There exists an absence of policy development where inclusive consultations are held, multiple voices are heard and active debates take place. At many administrative levels there is a lack of transparency, rule of law, justice and respect for human rights. Public trust in the current government is scarce. To gain trust, the government must develop a genuine feedback mechanism that accepts and empowers constructive criticism especially in evaluating whether the implementation of reforms succeeds or fails. Freedom to debate critical issues and to express convictions without fear and intimidation must be encouraged at all levels.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">11. There are many unresolved injustices in Cambodia. Social justice is in the hands of the powerful and benefits mostly the rich and well-connected elite. With the current leadership, I have learned to expect the unexpected with regard to bending rules and the truth and amending laws to remain in power at all costs. I have so many socio-political constraints to voice my opinions and constructive concerns without being portrayed as a radical dissident. Political life for those who dissent is extremely difficult because it has become a norm that all rules are applied and interpreted in a way that brings the most benefits to those in power and keeps critical voices as silent as possible. To agree with (or keep quiet about) every government decision is considered good citizenship, whereas to speak out, even for valid violations, is to risk being considered an enemy of the state and be put on a list of undesirables and troublemakers to be intimidated or ostracized informally.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">12. Liberty and dignity belong to all, not only to the few that are powerful and wealthy and well-connected. Many people are still not free from fear, not free from want, and not free to live in dignity. Disparities between the rich and the poor, the powerful and the weak exist across the country. Social conditions such as economic inequality, social injustice, and lack of rule of law continue to fester in marginalized communities. In general, most Cambodians want to be rid of the corruption, rid of the hypocrisy and rid of the lip service paid by authorities to right the wrongs and apply the law for all.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">13. Money politics and corruption rule the country, which is ingrained with political patronage. Powerful people are rarely wrong while vulnerable people are seldom right. The current administration has brought the country onto the verge of darkness with many people stuck in economic distress, indebtedness, and land insecurity. The current government has failed to reduce the substantial inequality between the rich and the poor, the powerful and the vulnerable, the strong and the weak.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">14. Mistrust, conspiracy, suspicion, and doubt are embedded in the hearts and minds of political leaders. Often the official version of the truth is spoken only through the government blaming political enemies or external factors for their own failures. The top leaders are motivated by misguided values. They have failed to see things as they exist for the common rural citizens. They only see things as they are in order to remain in power with the ability to earn great wealth. Power, control, status, and wealth come first before the people’s well beings and livelihoods.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">15. Justice exists only in words not deeds by the current government. The judicial system in Cambodia is a politicized cobweb which efficiently catches the small flies – political dissents, activists, and the poor but let the big flies - the rich and powerful elites – break through. After the savage beating of the two opposition CNRP lawmakers Kung Sophea and Nhay Chamroeun outside the National Assembly on October 2015, the three members of the bodyguard unit of Prime Minister Hun Sen who were found guilty of the assault were promoted to higher ranks instantly after their release from prison, serving only one year of a four-year prison sentence. This type of reward shocked me and many others.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">16. The ruling party can do whatever they want, whenever they want. The ruling party and the main opposition party do not trust each other enough to produce constructive solutions for the most burning issues in this country. The culture of mistrust, self-serving actions, ‘divide and rule’, ‘have it all’, and zero-sum games must be eliminated. The authorities often use courts, extreme violence, intimidation, and political persecution to discipline the populace and to promote a culture of obedience. The “Win-Win Policy” of the government has been used exclusively by the ruling party to consolidate power and to destroy the opposition. One Cambodian woman described good governance as: “A good government is a government that does not abuse the people, that gives the people the land back, and that allows people to earn a living”. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">17. Inadequate salaries have partly fueled a system of informal fees and bribes collected by almost everyone – police officers, military officers, judges, health practitioners, customs officers, teachers, and government officials at all levels. Providing employees a fair living wage will reduce the need for bribes and lawlessness. Many intellectuals and opposition politicians, in less pleasing terms, are willing to sell and trade their own principles for the enticement of titles, status, wealth, and power. Only the well connected individuals through Ksae (string) and Khnorng (backing) have benefited the most from stability and economic growth.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">18. Speaking the truth to those in power can be viewed as a revolutionary act. Life can be risky or short for those who dare to critique the current regime openly and directly. The country has become unsafe; it is all too often a place where people fear speaking in public about critical political issues. Accepting the truth and welcoming new ideas for improvement without rigid reactions and vindictive retaliation reveal strength of top leaders, not weakness.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">19. The current government has failed its people and appears to govern predominantly for the benefit of a close network of friends, associates and family with the aim of consolidating power, controlling and enriching the network. They do not see and feel what the majority of the people want and need. There is insufficient thought of delivering justice and providing equal treatment and opportunities for all. The government should promote and favor the diffusion, rather than the concentration of power and wealth to create a society of more equals. Cambodia has become a failed state – not a democracy – because there is no fair application of the law and a lack of enforcement. The lawmakers and the policy makers at the very highest level violate the laws with impunity and incessantly abuse the constitution. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">20. The country cries for justice and reforms that include upholding democracy, better governance, rule of law, as well as respecting and protecting human rights (The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, article 31). Despite significant progress, the government has failed to carry effective political and judicial reforms to improve human rights. The ruling party continues to assail opposition parties, civil society and media, and restricts freedom of expression, individual and political rights and peaceful assembly and association (The Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia, article 41). True democracy struggles to work under the present administration. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">21. Good cannot come from force and fear. Killing, imprisoning and filing punishing lawsuits against prominent political critics have suppressed dissent and created deeply rooted mistrust and made the government less and less credible. As Venerable Fa Thai said, “When your own home is healthy and happy, others will come to you. It’s like being a good cook, a good teacher, or a good leader. If you are good, you never have to force your food, force your lessons, or force your directions, on others”.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">22. One of the diplomats in Cambodia was absolutely right when he stated: “Be careful because Cambodia is the most dangerous country you will ever visit. You will fall in love with it and eventually it will break your heart”. The cold blooded murder in broad daylight of the well-respected government critic Kem Ley on 10 July 2016, the gunning down of the environmental activist Chut Vuthy on 26 April 2012, the assassination of the union activist Chea Vichea on 22 January 2004, and other innocent victims who dare to speak out against excessive nepotism, corruption, social injustice, and the rapid escalation of illegal logging and land grabbings broke my heart and the hearts of many Cambodians as well as those in the international community. In my broken homeland, freedom is not free, truth must be fought for and justice must be demanded.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">23. The separation of powers and independence of the legislative and judiciary branches is the key to provide checks and balances and prevent the executive power from becoming supreme. The government has relied heavily on the judicial system and violent mobs to weaken and to destroy the opposition. Terms like “culture of dialogue”, “dialogue of peace” or “constructive dialogue” are invoked when those in power break agreements and want to shift the blame to others; a pact made between the mouse and the cat is rarely binding when the cat grows hungry or upset and pushes for party supremacy. Only when reason prevails on both sides can a meaningful solution be found.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">24. Cambodian democracy is in crisis with the exile of the country’s opposition leader, Sam Rainsy and blatant arrest of another, President Kem Sokha, in a midnight raid on 3 September 2017 at his house over accusations of inciting social instability and on charges for treason for conspiring with the United States and fomenting ‘a color revolution’. Furthermore the dissolution of the main opposition party stemmed from a complaint by the Ministry of Interior of colluding to topple the government and the banning of 118 senior individuals from conducting political activities for 5 years by the Supreme Court on 16 November 2017 have worsened the political situation and undermined the protection of human rights and Cambodia’s liberal multi-party democracy as enshrined in the Constitution in article 51 on Political Regime. The government has used lawfare (namely the Law on Associations and Non-Governmental Organizations or LANGO in 2015 and the enactment of controversial amendments to the Law on Political Parties in 2017 which empowers courts to dissolve any political party for ‘jeopardizing the security of the state’ and ‘provoking incitement’ and to allow for the distribution of the CRNP seats in the National Assembly and commune councils), the power to tax, threats and force as means and weapons to bring down the opposition and to silence all forms of dissent before the upcoming election. By completely destroying the only viable opposition party, more than three million people who voted for the CNRP in the Communal elections in June 2017 have been effectively silenced in the name of maintaining peace, stability and social order. Many democracy proponents are living in fear and total darkness with regard to even exercising their freedom of expression and their rights to speak up against social injustice, inequality, and oppression. In Cambodia, it is dangerous to be right when the government is wrong. This systematic repression reminds me of the Khmer Rouge ideology during my country’s darkest past which top leaders used against its own people under the adage “To destroy you is no loss, to preserve you is no gain”. This extreme Maoist regime led to the death of an estimated 1.75 to 2 million Cambodians and left the country devastated.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">25. The government needs to embrace a constructive and cooperative resolution to the issues currently confronting Cambodia by discarding the use of threats as a means by which to deal with political dissents and adopt a more peaceful and tolerant approach. Ensuring social order through peaceful means is in the best interest of all people and all political parties. In a truly democratic society, the authorities cannot ignore the demands of the citizens because the true power of democracy rests with the people. Political reconciliation norms through open and critical dialogue, consultation, compromise, and a genuinely democratic legislature all are keys to resolve this latest tension. The alternative is untenable. Using the typical Khmer strategy “When the water rises, the fish eat the ant; when the water recedes, the ant eat fish” to eliminate the opponent in this political environment benefits no one and reflects a severe distrust among the people. No real victory prevails for any party. Once again, the country is facing its worst political crisis since its return to democracy 25 years ago. The unraveling of democaric norms calls for treating the opponents as rivals rather than as enemies and condemning all forms of violence and bigotry.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">26. In geopolitical terms, our top leader is banking deeply on China as “the most trustworthy friend” of Cambodia (from describing China as “the root of everything that is evil” in 1988) and as Cambodia’s largest foreign donor and provider of loans in order to consolidate his power. Total investment from Beijing in the country topped $11.2 billion in 2016. The international community, mainly the Western liberal democracies and their allies, have all raised grave concerns about the dismantling of the main opposition political party and the US and the EU ended their financial support to the National Election Committee over the most severe crackdown on opposition politicians ahead of the general election in July 2018. Conversely, China has stuck closely by Cambodia’s side and continues to support the present regime openly to protect political stability, maintain national security, and attempt to strengthen economic development. Beijing is also helping by donating cars, motorbikes, computers, printers, ballot boxes and voting booths for Cambodia's 2018 election. Lessons from the past have revealed that putting all the eggs inside a Chinese-shaped basket will not improve human rights, good governance, social justice, or economic inequality. It is vital for the present leadership not to turn Cambodia into a diplomatic and developmental playground where uncontrolled Chinese developments with close ties to the incumbent party leadership flourish at the expense of the well being and rights of the local populace. Given this exclusive relationship between Cambodia and China, Chinese investors have better access to business opportunities, can undermine competition and could sway economic prospects toward their own projects by having this special relation to political and military elites. Many visible projects such as construction of government buildings and stadiums were approved by political elites with little to no consultation with the public sector. It is clear that China’s influence is back, big time. The Cambodian government has now buried the past and has embraced China firmly. While China provides ‘unconditional’ economic and political support to the present government with no questions asked, Cambodia, in exchange, advocates Chinese international goals and interests in ASEAN, including its claims to disputed territory in the South China Sea. As a small and weak country, Cambodia would be better off politically, militarily, strategically, economically and socially to avoid self imposed isolation from the Western powers. As a small and weak country, Cambodia would be better off politically, militarily, economically and socially to avoid self imposed isolation from the Western powers and build friendships and partnerships with all countries.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">27. Life can be challenging to those who are marginalized and powerless, but in this darkness I see hope and light. These forgotten people are strong, resilient, and adaptive to navigate difficult circumstances and make do with little - from street vendors to hair cutters on a sidewalk to fixing a bike with a screwdriver and some string to creating a business with minimal investment. They accept the challenges and continue to persevere against all odds. Most of them live in abject poverty but they want a school, a caring and uncorrupted teacher in the classroom, and a better future for their children. They understand education is the answer to fighting poverty. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">28. I believe all of us can make a difference for the present and future generation not only to pursue material abundance but more importantly to nurture the dignity and values of each individual, and live according to the teaching of the Buddha by “abstaining from all unwholesome deeds or do not engage in any harmful actions; always perform only wholesome ones those that are good, subdue and purify your own mind”. The Buddha advocated leadership by example and taught the leaders of the Sangha to have sufficient virtue, meditation experience, and wisdom before allowing them to be preceptors and teachers. There is an immense need for character building for individual and national healing in Cambodia. Real peace can only be sustained through being and not having.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">29. Life is more about giving than receiving. My heart doesn’t feel right unless I know that all children can get a good quality education. If I don’t have the strong will and ability to change this society, it will change me. I have learned to swim against the current and not to be discouraged by failure. I can never be certain of a final outcome. I can only be sure of my tireless effort. I cannot erase all the dark sides of the current government, but I can change the way I deal with it, I can rise above it and stay strong and true to myself. It is better for me to suffer for doing good than doing evil. I try to influence those with whom I come into contact, but the machinery of corruption is pervasive and vast. Cambodia is among the most corrupted countries in Southeast Asia – ranked 161 out of the 180 countries in the world listed on Transparency International's Corruption Perception Index 2017. The culture of patronage by the powerful elites and grabbing land seemingly continues unabated. Most Cambodians are lacking either in knowledge or confidence in working together to improve society as a whole. Participation and solidarity, two important social values, have been lost in the past decades.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">30. Cambodia is a country weary of hopeless existence where the unthinkable becomes possible, the immoral becomes acceptable and the insane becomes normal. The vast majority of people accept corruption as part of their daily life. “Small man gets small bribe while big man gets big bribe” has become a popular Khmer saying. The “Money Is Everything” doctrine can be seen and felt everywhere. Corruption affects everyone, whether it’s paying a policeman at the stoplight, or giving money to the teacher in the classroom, or paying an informal fee for filling a report to the government official, or bribing a medical practitioner to get better health care. Corruption also erodes trust, confidence and faith that the people in the government. It is time for the authorities to eliminate all forms of corruption and lawlessness to prosper from top to bottom.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">31. ‘The powerful leaders in this country can fool all the people some of the time, and some of the people all the time, but they cannot fool all the people all the time’ (to paraphrase Abraham Lincoln). The Cambodian people are better informed and fully aware of the current political situation. Most of them want change. ONE VOTE CAN HELP CHANGE CAMBODIA’s FUTURE. Conduct the research on the candidates, go out and vote, and make your voice heard to improve the future of the country.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">32. Finally, if ALL the Cambodian children are provided with the same opportunity and the equal right to primary health care, good nutrition, quality basic education, access to safe drinking water and sanitation, and protection from neglect, abuse and violence, ten years down the road, our society will be able to veer away from the direction it is heading today. When all Cambodians have good education, they can think and make good rational decision based on morality, facts, national interest, and patriotism instead of self-interest, political party interest, and nepotism, then they become more aware of the situation, begin asking questions, have debates, offer dialogues, seek answers, find common solutions and act conscientiously.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">More than ever, the Cambodian people desperately need unity and virtuous politicians to bring political transformation, social change, lasting peace, stability, and prosperity for ALL.</span>Sovachana Pouhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02414740236454935245noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5258157093633067471.post-52228734057831837422017-07-13T17:42:00.002-07:002017-07-14T00:17:30.855-07:00មាតុភូមិដែលបែកបាក់របស់ខ្ញុំ (Cambodia My Broken Homeland) <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />Sovachana Pouhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02414740236454935245noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5258157093633067471.post-37870056176144399942016-07-18T06:29:00.002-07:002016-07-18T06:29:46.248-07:00Another Cambodian voice gets silenced<div class="MsoNormal">
A reflection of another Cambodian voice gets silenced</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The cold blooded murder in broad daylight of Kem Ley on July
10, 2016, broke my heart and the hearts of many Cambodians from all walks of
life as well as those from the international community. I cannot help but to
reflect on the repeated failure of our most trusted institutions to protect our
own people.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Must life be short for those who dare to critique the
current regime? It seems Cambodia has become a country where people cannot talk
openly about equal justice, nepotism, corruption, deforestation, international
involvement in illegal logging, the loss of border territory and the
accumulated wealth of elected officials.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Cambodia does not adhere to the ideals of its constitution
when extreme power overrides the rule of law. With these assassinations and
lack of impartial investigations, the people have lost faith in their cherished
institutions.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
While the country is in mourning over the loss of another
prominent political critic, repeatedly the political leaders in Cambodia have
failed to understand the depth of the people’s resentment towards a system
where well-connected individuals get richer and evade justice.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
They have failed to see what people see – a country where
the less fortunate are going through an existential crisis. They have failed to
feel what people feel – the labour of finding food and the fear of holding onto
their lands.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
They have failed to do what the majority of the people want
them to do, which is to serve the people by delivering justice and equal
opportunity for all Cambodians. Lastly they have failed to heed one of the
fundamental teachings of Buddha: “Hurt not others in ways that they themselves
would find hurtful” (Udana-Varga 5:18).<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Even though top government officials condemn the savage
killing and reject the claim that this is another political act to silence the
opposition and spread fear, the national and international communities at large
have lost faith in the investigating authorities to find those responsible.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
It has been revealed that Choub Salab (meaning Meet Kill),
the assassin, lived in desperate poverty, so it defies belief that he could
lend $3,000 to anyone. Furthermore, the fact that he never mentioned this loan
to his wife leads us to doubt its veracity as well.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Most Cambodians as well as the international communities
believe that Kem Ley’s assassination was politically motivated and the chain of
command of the killing should be fully and independently investigated in line
with international standards.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
There is no real peace without real justice. Those in power
must stop using violence, intimidation and oppression to discipline the
populace to produce quiet obedience and stability. A relationship between the
state and its people that emanates from coercion, repression and domination
won’t produce enduring peace and nor long-term stability.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
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Today, Cambodia cries for justice and the right to free
speech. These appeals are made for the soul of Kem Ley and other brave, outspoken
heroes of the Kingdom, including union leader Chea Vichea (2004), and
environmental activist Mr Chut Vuthy (2012) – May you all rest in peace.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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Note that this reflection was in The Phnom Penh Post on 18 July 2016</div>
Sovachana Pouhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02414740236454935245noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5258157093633067471.post-83267502126692178172016-03-16T00:47:00.003-07:002016-03-16T00:47:56.543-07:00Doing Research in Cambodia: Making Models that Build Capacity<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><br /></span></i></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisXVkc8IWk01rHQgsyTw0vkNiTLGE8BBgolXUEK4brUQo4klUbEtfaO8OecN7Hg_tJKgXMu9FluCUmbjHQ7SLuDt8qVoRy6hh3z5-_hhc6O6muaC-s7tcn3k8BVc42yX9y2uROJQn97HhI/s1600/Picture+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="241" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisXVkc8IWk01rHQgsyTw0vkNiTLGE8BBgolXUEK4brUQo4klUbEtfaO8OecN7Hg_tJKgXMu9FluCUmbjHQ7SLuDt8qVoRy6hh3z5-_hhc6O6muaC-s7tcn3k8BVc42yX9y2uROJQn97HhI/s400/Picture+1.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dissemination of Doing Research Key Findings at Svay
Rieng University on 12 January 2016 to more than 450 Students, Faculty, Researchers,
and Government Official</span></div>
</td></tr>
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<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">“Doing
Research in Cambodia: Making Models that Build Capacity”</span></i></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Cambodia’s bitter and
tragic past has had a detrimental impact on the number of educated
professionals available to conduct endogenous research. It is therefore
unsurprising that previous studies have found that social science research is frequently
conducted by foreign consultants, while donors and external stakeholders often
dictate the research agenda. To address this lack of endogenous research, there was still a need to profile
the ongoing evolution of the Cambodian research lanscape and provide actionable
recommendations to build future capacity on both sides of the policy-research
community.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">With support from the
Global Development Network and the ‘Doing Research’ peer review workshop, a
research team from CICP undertook a one year action research study to capture –
and to help transform – the current state of Cambodian research. In early 2015,
a roundtable of experts created a list of 25 institutions to interview,
including both rural and urban universities (president, senior academic staff,
faculty members, researchers, and students), NGOs, think tanks, donor
representatives, and government ministries. Our bottom-up approach focused on giving
voice to participants and achieving practical problem-solving outputs. It aimed
to reduce dependence on donors in the long term by strengthening the endogenous
capacity of the research community and improving collaborations between
researchers. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Barriers<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Our findings show
that the primary impediment to research is insufficient funds for research,
training, and dissemination. The government cannot adequately fund projects
necessary to guide policy decisions, as even the national census is donor
financed. Furthermore, instructors and students are generally responsible for
funding their own projects. Since universities are tuition-driven, instructors
are given little time or money to conduct research. This implicitly
communicates that research is a non-critical afterthought.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Respondents admitted
that many staff lacks the ability to conduct research, while dissemination
activities are limited. Researchers commonly present findings at academic
workshops. Therefore findings, embedded in reports, often overly technical and
written in English, remain largely inaccessible to wider audiences. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">English proficiency
proved another obstacle, preventing many Cambodian researchers from conducting
literature reviews and increasing their workload when translating results for
publication. With few academic publications, no accessible research database,
and insufficient provincial libraries, research outreach is severely limited.
And, since reports are written using technical English, it is unclear whom the
research is targeting.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Due to funding and
human resource limitations, most research is dictated by donors, led by outside
consultants, and financed on a short-term basis. Consequently local capacity is stunted and short-term studies do not capture
complex societal issues adequately. Donor institutions are often reticent to
tackle controversial issues or report results without government consent. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Cambodian research
production is at a transitional stage. While we found general ambivalence
toward research among older interviewees, younger Cambodians demonstrated a
growing enthusiasm and receptivity. Few women participated in our study due to
a gender imbalance in senior positions. Equal opportunity policies and equal
access to education are needed to reverse this trend. However, Cambodia is
improving; as evidenced by the increasing number of female students in tertiary
education.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The Policy-Research Environment<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Policy-research
connections are restricted by entrenched structural challenges. For instance,
policy makers often lack the education required to understand reports. Perhaps
Consequently, scientific research is often not perceived as valuable within
this sector. As one government official admitted, “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Government policy is not produced through research</i>”.
Instead government officials make policy decisions based predominantly on
personal connections, entrenched beliefs, and potential profit. Some policy
uptake indifference may be due to many researchers gearing their research
toward academia.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Some NGOs can exert
pressure on the government by publishing polished research that is read by
foreign officials. Donor institutions with close governmental relationships can
influence policy by avoiding flash point human rights issues and playing an
important and constructive role on non-sensitive issues like job creation.
However the most troubling human rights issues often remain either ignored or
watered down.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The elephant in the
room is that taboo, politically sensitive research topics remain too dangerous
and difficult for most researchers to attempt. Results that are openly critical
of the government are usually self-censored or diluted in order to avoid
anticipated political pressure.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Going Forward<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Our respondents made
many constructive recommendations: increase institutional cooperation; mentor
Cambodian staff/students; create collaborative research; plan research
dissemination prior to collecting data; incentivise research; fund an
accessible national research database; and promote capacity building. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">There is cause for
optimism. Respondents noted that the government increasingly uses local
research on issues like migration flow and job creation. Human rights NGOs
continue to have success using their research and international advocacy
networks to pressure government on key issues. More universities are creating
funds for research through international collaborations and even creating
in-house publications. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">This research project has provided an essential
empirically-based understanding of the state of research in Cambodia and
potential avenues for improvement. It also serves as a pioneer model for
reciprocal, action research designed to build capacity within the research
community. Specifically we went beyond data collection in 3 ways:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Provided
a research methods training course for students. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Presented
results at several institutions to increase dissemination and discussion. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Created
an on-going website (www.researchkh.org) to inform people about available
funding and serve as a networking conduit. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">It is our intention that this project,
and the conversations that emerge from it, will play a part in transforming
Cambodia’s research environment. There is still much to uncover about research
in Cambodia but hopefully this study will provide an impetus for further
research.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Please note this blog piece was also published on http://www.researchtoaction.org/2016/03/research-cambodia-making-models-build-capacity/</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;">
<br /></div>
<div style="mso-element: footnote-list;">
<div id="ftn6" style="mso-element: footnote;">
</div>
</div>
Sovachana Pouhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02414740236454935245noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5258157093633067471.post-32731651623675276972015-08-09T07:40:00.000-07:002015-08-09T07:45:57.927-07:00Barriers of Doing Research in Cambodia<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;">
</div>
<h2>
<div style="line-height: normal; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">F<span style="font-weight: normal;">rom my experience
in fieldwork activities to assess the research environment in Cambodia (5 HEIs
and various ministries), most academics and government officials I interviewed are
eager to learn and conduct research, but face a host of challenges and are
prevented from doing research due to various constraints.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;"><span style="line-height: normal;"><div style="text-align: left;">
</div>
</span><span style="line-height: normal;"><div style="text-align: left;">
<br />
The most
often cited barrier is the lack of funding freely available for research
purposes. The government ministries and the HEIs rarely receive funding for any
research projects. This leads to limited resources, lack of necessary
facilities, and creates financial constraints, especially for academics who are
unable to invest a lot of time for research, as they must teach long hours to
support themselves. The department head of research that I interviewed at one
university teaches seven classes.</div>
</span><span style="line-height: normal;"><div style="text-align: left;">
</div>
</span><span style="line-height: normal;"><div style="text-align: left;">
<br />
The second
dominant constraint is the lack of research capacity. While many of those I
interviewed expressed enthusiasm for research, they did not know how or where to
even begin to conduct research. For example, World Bank research projects often
require a lot of cumbersome paperwork and rigorous rounds of applications. This
lack of capacity is especially difficult to address as it requires higher
education institutes to emphasize research methodology in their curriculum and
to provide more guidance about research to its students. Most lecturers, deans,
and department heads are not fully trained in doing research themselves.</div>
</span><span style="line-height: normal;"><div style="text-align: left;">
</div>
</span><span style="line-height: normal;"><div style="text-align: left;">
<br />
The third strain
is the lack of English skills. Most of the key informants I spoke to admitted
that they are not proficient enough in the English language to write competitive proposals, do literature
reviews and produce good reports. This study pinpoints the fact that the country needs
more resources to help non-English speakers so the people are better equipped
to do meaningful research. One of the vice presidents at Pannasastra
University of Cambodia confirmed the importance of the English language as the
international language of research and higher learning: “In the Cambodian
language, we do not have enough vocabulary for technology, for research,
teaching material, the Internet library – so we need the English language.”</div>
</span><span style="line-height: normal;"><div style="text-align: left;">
</div>
</span><span style="line-height: normal;"><div style="text-align: left;">
<br />
It is
clear to me that a strong culture of research is missing in Cambodian higher
education institutes and government ministries. This is not because of a lack
of desire, but due to the lack of opportunities provided by the current system. Cambodian
society in general does not give priority, importance and value to the
potential of doing research. Furthermore, students at the university level are trained
in and taught to conduct research only to fulfill their graduation requirements
rather than being encouraged to develop intellectual curiosity and explore the
benefits of research, which is unlimited in terms of creativity, innovation,
and sustainable development. One of the key informants I spoke to highlighted
the significance of doing research: “No research, no development.”</div>
</span><div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<span style="line-height: normal;"><div style="text-align: left;">
To improve
the overall doing research environment in Cambodia will not only require just
funding, capacity building, and English language proficiency but also economic
and institutional solutions to the many barriers to access.</div>
</span></span></span></h2>
<br />
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<!--EndFragment-->Sovachana Pouhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02414740236454935245noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5258157093633067471.post-19382077842703779932015-03-08T01:42:00.002-08:002015-03-08T01:42:39.432-08:00Cambodia Can Lead on R2P in ASEAN<div style="color: #1a1a1a; font-family: Ubuntu, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 9px; padding: 0px;">
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<span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">International Conference on the
Responsibility to Protect at 10:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria;">Progress, Challenges and Opportunities in
Asia Pacific</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">26-27 February 2015, Sofitel, Phnom Penh</span></div>
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Cambodia Can Lead on R2P in ASEAN</div>
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This letter to the Editor of The Phnom Penh Post was published on 3 March 2015. http://www.phnompenhpost.com/cambodia-can-lead-r2p</div>
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As the deputy director in charge of research and publication at the Cambodian Institute for Cooperation and Peace, I am pleased <i style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">The Phnom Penh Post</i> was able to send reporters to cover the international conference on “R2P [Responsibility to Protect] at 10: Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities in Asia Pacific” on February 26 and 27 at the Hotel Sofitel Phnom Penh Phokeethra. </div>
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The aim of this important conference was to promote fresh thinking and dialogue about the progress made thus far in translating discussion on genocide prevention to deeds, the challenges that have been confronted, especially in the Asian-Pacific region, and the opportunities that lie ahead to facilitate efforts to make the R2P principle a reality both in the region and globally. </div>
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As such, the conference looked to combine dialogue about how far R2P has come with detailed consideration of how the principle’s three pillars can continue to be embedded into state practice and into the work of regional and sub-regional organisations, working in partnership with each other and the United Nations.</div>
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After reading your article <a href="http://www.phnompenhpost.com/friends-these" style="border: 0px; color: #1a1a1a; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">With friends like these: PM Dresses down former Australian foreign minister at conference</a> in the <i style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Post</i> on February 27, I was disappointed that your reporter focused almost solely on the disagreement between Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen and the former Australian foreign minister Gareth Evans. This article offered a very limited view of the conference, glossing over the most import social and political implications of the event. The event sought to promote the international norm of “Responsibility to Protect”, in which state sovereignty is understood to include the responsibility of the state or government to provide protection and security for the people. R2P seeks a universal acceptance and implementation of protection of people from genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity and ethnic cleansing by making the responsibility international in cases where states cannot or will not fulfil their obligations. </div>
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Besides a brief episode involving a personal rebuttal of criticisms made by Evans, Hun Sen stressed that Cambodia can take the leading role in the prevention of genocide in ASEAN (the theme of his speech). He stated that Cambodia had made great efforts to bring peace and moved towards the realisation to establish the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC) for prosecution of Khmer Rouge leaders and other perpetrators who are most responsible for committing genocide and crime against humanity. In this context, Cambodia can provide important lessons from this dark episode of its contemporary history in order to ensure peace and national reconciliation. Furthermore, it would be beneficial for the broader public if the record was set straight by including the many positive and constructive points that Prime Minister Hun Sen made during his speech to promote and advance R2P such as: </div>
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“First, I believe that Cambodia has an important role to play in promoting responsibility to protect and prevent mass atrocities in Southeast Asia, given our own unique experience and what we have accomplished so far in addressing the past atrocities under the Khmer Rouge regime.</div>
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“Second, Cambodia will continue to encourage other members of ASEAN to consider signing and ratifying the Rome Treaty and let this be an important milestone for ASEAN as a community in the medium and longer term.</div>
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“Third, the royal government of Cambodia could initiate holding a regional dialogue on mass atrocities prevention in an effort to mainstream the Responsibility to Protect principle in ASEAN, based on the UN High Level Advisory Panel Report on Mainstreaming the Responsibility to Protect in Southeast Asia. On top of that, as the main coordinator for this conference, Cambodia can further facilitate dialogue to find common understandings consistent with principles and values of region.</div>
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“Fourth, Cambodia can serve as an important hub in the region for education and training in ASEAN on mass atrocities prevention as part of our collective efforts in building national and regional capacity in dealing with the root cause of internal conflicts and in managing risk factors that could lead to atrocious crimes. In this regard, I believe that our ASEAN dialogue partners such as Australia, the United States, the European Union, among others, could provide assistance in the region in mass atrocities prevention under an accord with the Responsibility to Protect principle”. The Cambodian Institute for Cooperation and Peace, the Documentation Center-Cambodia and the Genocide Museum, for example, can be utilised and have capacities to fulfil these tasks.</div>
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“Fifth, Cambodia can also be the main coordinator of an ASEAN-UN partnership in promoting the Responsibility to Protect in Southeast Asia. One important project that can be pursued under this framework is developing training courses or programs for governments that would contribute to building national and regional mechanisms, such as early warning systems in order to manage risk factors that could lead to mass atrocities. Cambodia can also be the venue for regular dialogue between ASEAN and the UN to coordinate ideas and policies relevant to the Responsibility to Protect such as peace and conflict prevention, prevention of sexual violence against women and children, and inter-faith dialogue among communities.</div>
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“Sixth, Cambodia can also take the lead in proposing a network of Responsibility to Protect focal points in ASEAN. The royal government of Cambodia could seriously consider taking steps within the next few months to appoint a national focal point on the Responsibility to Protect in order to demonstrate our commitment to the region and the rest of the international community and the determination of the royal government of Cambodia in mass atrocities prevention.”</div>
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By addressing the positive aspects of prime minister’s keynote speech, readers would have been offered an informed and balanced view and understanding of the historical significance of the event for the national, regional and international communities. The position set out by the prime minister is worthy of earnest applause as it invokes the noble goal of protecting present and future generations from mass atrocities. The responsibility now falls to all members of the community and all stakeholders to assist Cambodia in making the prime minister’s vision a reality.</div>
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<em style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Pou Sovachana is the deputy director in charge of research and publication at the Cambodian Institute for Cooperation and Peace.</em></div>
Sovachana Pouhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02414740236454935245noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5258157093633067471.post-40716659325211025582015-01-01T08:39:00.000-08:002015-01-01T22:07:52.822-08:00What’s in store for Cambodia in 2015?<br />
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<span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">What’s in
store for Cambodia in 2015?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">As
I watched the last sunset in Kep in 2014, I look forward to welcome the New
Year and I hope that 2015 will bring peace, stability and prosperity (to ALL
not only to the few riches and powerful ones) to Cambodia. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Despite the
prevalence of peace, stability and remarkable economic development (almost 10
per cent per annum between 1998-2008, source World Bank), which has improved
the living condition of the general population, critical challenges remain and the
glass is still seen half empty, especially with regards to human rights
violations, weak democratic governance, social injustice, and inequality
between the rich and the poor. Their effects still persist for many Cambodians
and more commitments are needed to scale up human security for the common
people. As one participant in a public forum on land issues so incisively
stated, “All this development is destroying our lives.”</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Times; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">The year 2014
was an intense and harsh year for Cambodia ranging from the protestors uprising
to the government crackdown with at least five killed by police bullets on 3<sup>
</sup>January on Veng Sreng Street, from the government issued orders to shut
down Freedom Park to end the political deadlock between the ruling Cambodian
People’s Party and the opposition Cambodia National Rescue Party on 22 July
with the signing of the controversial deal, the unprecedented 225,000 deported
Cambodian migrant workers in June 2014 by the Thai Junta, the poor result of
the national grade 12 passing grade after the new minister of the Ministry of
Education, Youth and Sport banished of the widespread cheating and bribing
(with only a quarter of the national exam of almost 90,000 takers passed the first round in August
and close to eighteen percent managed to pass the second round in October
retest), the sentencing of life in prison of the Khmer Rouge regime’s two most senior
surviving leaders Nuon Chea <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>and Khieu Samphan by the tribunal, the highly
contentious accord between the Australian and Cambodian government to relocate
island of Nauru refugees in the Kingdom on September, the ongoing intimidation
of the dissenters and the enduring prosecution of the eight labor unions presidents
and land rights activists, and the recent HIV unusual outbreak in Battambang
with more than 200 infected people from babies to monks.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Now what’s
in store for Cambodia in 2015?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I believe
the buck stops with the ruling Cambodian People’s Party and the opposition
Cambodia National Rescue Party. As a political deadlock ended, both powerful leaders
have agreed for a new plan for a better Cambodia, which includes amending the
constitution and election law as well as to reforming the National Election
Committee (NEC).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Like me and many other
concerned citizens, we need to do more than ever before to build a better Cambodia
and together we need to demand more from our leaders. We need to ask the
politicians to do as they have promised and to look at the public policies that
are affecting everyday life in Cambodia, such as endemic corruption, land
grabbing and a rule of law that is not universally applied.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>What we really want is the new development plan
that is inclusive and leaves no one out. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>After all, the ultimate objective of any
meaningful development is to raise the standard of living of the people and end
poverty and inequality.</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">
</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">The country is facing many
confronting socio-economic issues. After toiling on the amendment of the constitution
and reforming the NEC (still working on the details), what the ruling Cambodian
People’s Party and the opposition Cambodia National Rescue Party should address
first determine a better Cambodia.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Those
confronting issues are many: good governance, transparency, poverty, corruption,
social inequality, education reforms, health care reforms, judicial reforms, migrant
workers, ending land disputes, social injustice, culture of impunity, human
rights abuse, nepotism, and a living wage for all government officials and workers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Both
political parties play an indispensable role in building a just, free and
democratic society by upholding the laws. Leaders must cultivate mutual respect
and consideration, so as to create a feasible and reasonable balance of
interest, instead of abusing unlimited power. They must have a sense of modesty
and moderation instead of having an unquenchable lust for power.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In greed and power, humans lose their soul,
freedom, and inner peace to serve others and become victims of their own greed and craving.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Leaders must use their political power in the service of the Cambodian
people. They should develop and extend a spirit of mettā (selfless love and
good will) and Karunā (compassion) with those who suffer – with special care
for the children, the aged, the poor, the weak, the disabled, the vulnerable, the
real victims, and the less fortunate. They should eliminate excessive bureaucracy
centralization and work together for the good of the people and put national
interest forefront instead of pointing fingers at each other and struggling for
power.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Their policies and actions must
be transparent because transparency would strengthen democracy and promote
effectiveness in government.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They must
practice what they preach by being accountable to the majority of the population and they must pay more attention
to the needs and well being of the people. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If there is real progress and equitable prosperity,
it will come from being (responsive to the people) not having (more power, wealth and status).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Cambodian woman describes, “A good government is a government that does not
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to earn a living.” The road ahead is rocky and always uphill, but
the view from the top is impeccable. May the New Year 2015 brings lasting peace, stability and real prosperity to ALL the people of Cambodia regardless of their status, their wealth and their political choice. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Sovachana Pouhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02414740236454935245noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5258157093633067471.post-12477610433853771142014-11-29T06:09:00.001-08:002014-11-29T06:09:35.639-08:00Vipassanā- bhāvanā<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3tlwSbhV-e0dcF0Ezd0ig9cN9htkPYvndVZy3kTTpAoxm1OTwawiS3h6GuIPkqWOXzW6laNAS5P0Cj0DpKBgtqfz6IkIyN_CUJ8wGvJfivW8havkWhhVfABeYqCDAfwgi4BGNO6t4xnsz/s1600/IMG_0971.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3tlwSbhV-e0dcF0Ezd0ig9cN9htkPYvndVZy3kTTpAoxm1OTwawiS3h6GuIPkqWOXzW6laNAS5P0Cj0DpKBgtqfz6IkIyN_CUJ8wGvJfivW8havkWhhVfABeYqCDAfwgi4BGNO6t4xnsz/s1600/IMG_0971.JPG" /></a></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><br /></span></b></div>
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<a h="ID=SERP,5120.1" href="http://www.dhamma.org/en/schedules/schlatthika" style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Segoe UI', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.2em;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-family: 'Segoe UI Semibold', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: 700 !important;">Battambang</span> <span style="font-family: 'Segoe UI Semibold', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight: 700 !important;">Vipassana</span> Centre, Dhamma Latthika</span></a></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Vipassan</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">ā</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">- bh</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">ā</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">van</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">ā<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">The Practice of Self-Introspection into the Nature of
impermanence and Egoless<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">“Atta-d</span></b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">ī<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">pā viharatha, atta-saranā, ana</b></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">ññ</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">a-sarana. Dhamma-d</span></b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">ī<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">pā viharatha, dhamma-saranā, ana</b></span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">ññ</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">a-sarana.”<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">“Each of you, make an island of yourself, make yourself
your refuge; there is no other refuge.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Make truth your island, make truth your refuge, there is no other
refuge.” – Mahā</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">
</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">-Paribibbāna Suttanta, Dīgha Nikāya, 16<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Every
morning, I wake up early and practice Vipassan</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">ā</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">- bh</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">ā</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">van</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">ā</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">
for one hour.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Vipassan</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">ā</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">
method taught by S.N. Goenka (Vipassana Meditation Teacher, 1924-2013,) is
unique and beneficial to all who practice it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>It is the essence of the teaching of the enlightened Buddha, the actual
experience of the truths of which he spoke (sutta). <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This technique is to experiment reality, as it
is.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is a systematic development of
insight into the impermanent (anicca), suffering, and egoless (anatt</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">ā</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">)
nature of the mental-physical structure by observing sensation (vedan</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">ā</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">)
within the body.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Every
morning, I begin my day by sitting on a mat with the legs crossed, and back
straight.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Then I place my hands on my
knee and close my eye.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This sitting
position helps centered my awareness and attention inward.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>By using my body as my own laboratory, I want
to investigate the truth within myself.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>I start observing the reality within the framework of my body by paying
attention to the breath – the subtle feeling of air moving in and out of the
nose naturally. From observing respiration within the limited area at the
nostril, I proceed to observing sensation throughout the body without reacting
to it. However, I often encounter the conditioned reactions of gross,
solidified, intensified, and pleasant and unpleasant sensations (such bodily
pain and pressure).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I also experience
the habit pattern of my restless mind, always wandering around, from one object
and subject to another, rolling in pleasure, reeling in pain, yet constantly remaining
agitating like a wild animal. On this path, whatever is unknown about myself
must become known. The goal of this practice is to avoid reacting to the
sensation by understanding the law of impermanence (anicca) – the constantly
arising (samudaya) and passing away (vaya) of the gross and subtle sensations within
my body. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Every
morning, the present is most important in practicing Vipassan</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">ā</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">-
bh</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">ā</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">van</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">ā</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">. Here-and-now, I work patiently
and continuously to break the old habit of generating new mental reaction
(sankh</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">ā</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">r</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">ā</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I seek to find the answers to the questions
within myself.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>My struggle with the
here-and-now is worthwhile and it is nonetheless a struggle and one that I will
never finish. If the present is good, I don’t need to worry about the future,
which is merely the product of the present, and therefore bound to be good. I
accept what is – reality as reality is to me now.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I breathe in, I breathe out and I let reality
happen knowing every moment never hands me the same thing twice (anicca).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The important thing is to experience the
truth directly – to look within, to examine myself at the experimental level. At
the end of the hour, I also practice meta-bhavana (</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">the systematic cultivation of goodwill and compassion toward others</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">) to share the merits
gained through Vipassan</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">ā </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">- bhavana</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">
with all beings. I wish </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">all beings be happy, be peaceful, and be liberated.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Every
morning, I want to make best use of this wonderful opportunity to experience
the law of impermanence and the concept of non-self (anatt</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">ā</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">)
– the actual practice of observing the truth as it is in order to come out of
all miseries, and enjoy real peace, real happiness, and real harmony.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Bhavatu Sabba Mangalam</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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Sovachana Pouhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02414740236454935245noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5258157093633067471.post-34559506623176582912014-08-11T05:37:00.000-07:002014-08-12T06:48:43.327-07:00What is NEXT between the CPP and the CNRP?<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQwNcZABGnbTfO8wpyF7t1nOyKBx9qZxw_xaRYrFFGXU1YcVjpa3enf3f3kWdv-Q7gaoPu-nAvuVq1e99UgQkcIZY2I9FwypSVjWmjkFMYOcemoZOSjaT4IfZDypWZW7ror7c9Lmt2yxFs/s1600/casual_party_595_000_hkg10080220.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQwNcZABGnbTfO8wpyF7t1nOyKBx9qZxw_xaRYrFFGXU1YcVjpa3enf3f3kWdv-Q7gaoPu-nAvuVq1e99UgQkcIZY2I9FwypSVjWmjkFMYOcemoZOSjaT4IfZDypWZW7ror7c9Lmt2yxFs/s1600/casual_party_595_000_hkg10080220.jpg" height="173" width="320" /></span></a></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;">Picture Credit: AFP</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"><br />
What is NEXT between the CPP and the CNRP?</span></div>
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<span style="color: #343434; font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="color: #343434;">After cutting the deal on 22 July
2014, the Cambodian People Party (CPP) with 68 seats and the opposition Cambodia National
Rescue Party (CNRP) with 55 seats lawmakers sat together for the first time in the National
Assembly on 8 August 2014. </span><span style="color: #343434;"> </span><span style="color: #343434;">The center
of that deal for the CNRP is the complete overhaul of the existing CPP
controlled National Election Committee, which will require amending the
constitution.</span><span style="color: #343434;"> </span><span style="color: #343434;">As for the CPP, Prime
Minister Hun Sen has regained full legitimacy – both morally and legally – in
running the government. </span><span style="color: #343434;">Many pertinent
questions remain unanswered:</span><span style="color: #343434;"> </span><span style="color: #343434;">Will this hastening agreement last or just simply a knotted tying for political convenience?</span><span style="color: #343434;"> </span><span style="color: #343434;">Can both political parties work together for
the good of the people and put national interest first and foremost?</span><span style="color: #343434;"> </span><span style="color: #343434;">Can the CPP tolerate a strong opposition
party at the National Assembly?</span><span style="color: #343434;"> </span><span style="color: #343434;">Can the
CPP handle critical debates in the parliament to push for better transparency
and responsibilities to implement rule of law, to promote inclusiveness and to
improve the courts? Will this new and first bipartisan political system work for the benefit of the nation? It is too early to
tell but it is obvious that the ruling party has much more experiences and is
better prepared and wily seasoned on dealing with those issues.</span><span style="color: #343434;"> Furthermore, the CPP has the ultimate power to legitimize almost all their activities, for example during the political deadlock, government security officials beat and arrested demonstrators at will, and at least seven innocent people were shot dead. </span><span style="color: #343434;">This demonstrates that Cambodians do not live
under the rule of law, but under the rule of power. </span><span style="color: #343434;">F</span><span style="color: #343434;">or the CNRP, i</span><span style="color: #343434;">t is imperative for their members to stay united and to avoid
internal conflicts, which is easier said than done once power arrangements
within the party will not be evenly distributed. </span><span style="color: #343434;">If they want to continue to gain the support of the masses, they must be passionate to</span><span style="color: #343434;"> push for positive changes, to insist for real reforms, to promote human rights and
democracy </span><span style="color: #343434;">because in Cambodia freedom is not free, truth must be fought for and justice must be demanded. </span><span style="color: #343434;">Yet, t</span><span style="color: #343434;">he future of Cambodia depends on both
parties to work cohesively and productively (checks and balances) together to
deliver lasting results such as ending corruption and the culture of impunity, eliminating land grabs, stopping all illegal loggings, implementing pro poor growth, and applying the rule of law to all.</span><span style="color: #343434;"> On the other hand, Cambodians must learn to put their difference aside and
unite during this challenging time as the ruling and the opposition party
focus on finding the common grounds. What Cambodians really need most are solutions not empty promises as before. </span></span><br />
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Sovachana Pouhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02414740236454935245noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5258157093633067471.post-58869593037469175962014-01-19T02:23:00.000-08:002014-01-19T06:57:56.826-08:00The Boiling Point<!--StartFragment-->
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgEYpKkrlEhgqNz0PQpB-oo5HlmzXJspNwM-WThKT36q9oXExetoTh3azADDnT2qSNWBpOoLvA5C4fNRVCN1vvrbUHqsXgGl_IXdgjxkB6E3NKGU0b2PtxXoA8W5Hy3niuo8DkhGFa3z0me/s1600/Cambodia-clashes-300x169.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgEYpKkrlEhgqNz0PQpB-oo5HlmzXJspNwM-WThKT36q9oXExetoTh3azADDnT2qSNWBpOoLvA5C4fNRVCN1vvrbUHqsXgGl_IXdgjxkB6E3NKGU0b2PtxXoA8W5Hy3niuo8DkhGFa3z0me/s1600/Cambodia-clashes-300x169.jpg" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkQxuNOp2bjo3tsKJV8LbNh4EZ_pIBogAhyphenhyphenYP3iiZjx7cUld1RekdWZM1fYyHHnXNwwP_qTSsZ78lRaMaplCIeU4jdakKUdMHBwah8Ldz9zJGbhb-xn3h2Yr47I5lT6vqj-VgivmrEGhcv/s1600/585441.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkQxuNOp2bjo3tsKJV8LbNh4EZ_pIBogAhyphenhyphenYP3iiZjx7cUld1RekdWZM1fYyHHnXNwwP_qTSsZ78lRaMaplCIeU4jdakKUdMHBwah8Ldz9zJGbhb-xn3h2Yr47I5lT6vqj-VgivmrEGhcv/s1600/585441.jpg" height="213" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: AppleGothic; mso-themecolor: text1;"> Photos Courtesy of Reuters and AFP</span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">The Boiling Point: The Deadly Clash on 3</span></b><sup><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">rd</span></span></b></sup><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">
January 2014</span></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">
</span><!--StartFragment--></span></div>
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<i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">"Cambodia stands at a crossroads, change is coming to
Cambodia faster than many anticipated." ~ </span></i><b><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Surya
Subedy, U.N. Human Rights Envoy to Cambodia </span></i></b></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Cambodia has made familiar headlines again not seen since the deadly
crackdown on protests in 1998. The country is going through tremendous social
and political upheaval since the last national elections on July 2013. On 3</span><sup><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">rd</span></span></sup><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"> January 2014, most Cambodians
and people around the world were shocked and shaken by the images and the video
clips of the savagery of the brutal force by military police against striking
garment workers, who just exercised their rights to demand a living wage of $160
on Veng Sreng Street in the capital city of Phnom-Penh. The strike turned fatal as the military
police used AK-47 assault rifles to fire life bullets directly into the crowds
of rocks, slingshots, and Molotov cocktails throwing protesters killing at
least five dead and injured more than forty and most of them with gunshot
wounds. Twenty-three other strikers,
activists, and union representatives were also arrested by soldiers during a protest
and held in a Kompong Cham maximum-security prison at this writing. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">The next day, </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">a large group of military police accompanied by a
group of men dressed in plain clothes with a red ribbon around their arms
wielding sticks, batons, metal pipes and axes stormed and drove the peaceful
protestors Phnom-Penh’s Freedom Park, which had served as the Cambodian
National Rescue Party’s base for the last three months. </span><span style="color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">In Cambodia many people have been deprived of
civil rights and liberties. Following this crack down, the government issued a
statement explaining that the constitutional freedom to assemble in the city
would be banned indefinitely “until security and public order is guaranteed." </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">
</span><!--StartFragment--><span style="color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">This suspension of Cambodian Constitutional
Rights is unlawful according Articles 37 and 41</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">. At a press conference at the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) in Phnom-Penh to wrap up his six days fact-finding mission, U.N. Human Rights envoy Surya Subedy condemned the use of lethal force against the protesters and added that "the ban on demonstration should be lifted." </span></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Cambodia has reached a boiling point where the ruling
party had decided to use armed forces with AK-47 assault rifles to crackdown on
the social and political demands of the citizens. The impact of this deadly clash has grave
consequences in terms of human security.
In a democratic society, the authorities cannot ignore the demands of
the citizens. The government needs to embrace
a constructive and cooperative resolution by discarding the excessive use of
violence to address workers’ demands and to deal with political dissent. Ensuring social order and the continued peace
is in the best interest of all people. Given
the current levels of tension, the ruling party must abandon confrontational
rhetoric and exercising restraint towards protestors to build stability and
prosperity. Political reconciliation norms through dialogue, compromise, and a legislature that enjoys by all are keys to solve this deadlock. Good cannot come from force or
fear. The alternative is unimaginable. </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Sovachana Pouhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02414740236454935245noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5258157093633067471.post-23953253314752851142013-12-06T16:02:00.001-08:002013-12-06T16:02:53.482-08:00Corruption in Cambodia<!--StartFragment-->
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj36P_-DeQxVYTN3C-9jycz776NQ6Fju-HgVENXKwdCetgj6sbNm_fps-Z_anU5cckyKeF_9dp2Q6gTXBZYgROnmAdlWbFXiN5tSoPR8i6ujGsn5FGQt2sCQuqm8X-jiSTz-zMWnvNMbdwB/s1600/corruption-in-the-government-in-a-corrupt-system-300x194.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj36P_-DeQxVYTN3C-9jycz776NQ6Fju-HgVENXKwdCetgj6sbNm_fps-Z_anU5cckyKeF_9dp2Q6gTXBZYgROnmAdlWbFXiN5tSoPR8i6ujGsn5FGQt2sCQuqm8X-jiSTz-zMWnvNMbdwB/s1600/corruption-in-the-government-in-a-corrupt-system-300x194.jpg" /></a></div>
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<span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-themecolor: text1;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-themecolor: text1;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-themecolor: text1;">Corruption
in Cambodia<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-themecolor: text1;">I am sure
all of us are aware that the latest Corruption Perception Index by Transparency
International's 2013 scored Cambodia at 20 points, which "0" means
that a country is perceived as highly corrupt and "100" means it is perceived
as very clean.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This index translates
that our country takes the honor of being named the "highly corrupt
country." In fact, Cambodia was ranked 160 out of 175 listed countries
in 2013 a fall from three places from its 2012 ranking of 157 (</span><a href="http://cpi.transparency.org/cpi2013/results/"><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-themecolor: text1;">http://cpi.transparency.org/cpi2013/results/</span></a><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-themecolor: text1;">).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Regionally speaking, we are the worst among
ASEAN Ten Member States. Once again, we are on the map for becoming famous as
one of the most corrupt country in the world. </span><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-themecolor: text1;">So what
happens here? We don't need a rocket scientist to explain this.
Just look around us everyday, our country is engrained with corruption
and political patronage (see my article:
http://www.cambodiadaily.com/opinion/cambodia-is-ingrained-with-corruption-political-patronage-32120/).
Corruption has become a cancer in Cambodian society. It is widespread
everywhere and at all levels, in schools, courts, hospitals, public and private
services,.. "The big eats big, the small eats small." Weak
institutions, governance, poor business climate (lack of partiality and
predictability), poverty, class inequality, injustice and immorality are some the
breeding ground for corruption.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Too many
people across the country are still living in extreme poverty and the economic
growth is not inclusive.</span><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-themecolor: text1;">So what
is the solution? Let’s be truthful and blunt.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>In Cambodia, the most common cause of corruption is believed to be a
combination of enormous discretion and low accountability. There comes a
time when we have to accept that the system is not working despite the passage
of anti-corruption law in 2010 and a special unit to deal with this problem.
The government has promised repeatedly to stamp out corruption but the report
shows that all the pledges are not back up by effective actions. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Concrete actions are needed more than words of
wisdom and empty promises to tackle this contagious vice. Strengthening good
governance and applying rule of law in leadership and state governance as well
as maintaining integrity and providing justice are the remedy to fight
corruption.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;">Giving </span><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-themecolor: text1;">ALL civil
servants a living wage will improve their corrupt behavior and preventing them
from taking bribes. The prosperity in Cambodia must be inclusive by providing opportunities
for all and not only to the well-connected officials and elites. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Developing public awareness and providing
quality education will also help improve the value of honesty and personal
integrity.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Gandhi offers a solution as
well, "Be the change you wish to see in the world (Cambodia)."</span><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-themecolor: text1;">To move
forward, I would like to end by quoting Huguette Labelle, Chair of Transparency
International, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">" It is time to
stop those who get away with acts of corruption. The legal loopholes and lack
of political will in government facilitate both domestic and cross-border
corruption, and call for our intensified efforts to combat the impunity of the
corrupt.”</i></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-themecolor: text1;">Let's
hope that Cambodia will do better next year with <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">another</i> promise made by our Prime Minister Hun Sen to eliminate
corruption (Prime Minister Hun Sen’s speech on September 2013) by carrying out the
deep institutional reforms.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Sovachana Pouhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02414740236454935245noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5258157093633067471.post-43229224643728842792013-09-15T21:15:00.002-07:002013-09-15T23:33:16.911-07:00The 2013 Election in Cambodia<!--StartFragment-->
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 21px;">Election 2013 Pictures</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 21px;"><b><br /></b></span></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 21px;"><b><br /></b></span></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Times;">The 2013 Election in Cambodia:
The Battle between the ruling party CPP (Cambodia People Party) and the
opposition party CNRP (Cambodia National Rescue Party, a Cambodian electoral
alliance between Sam Rainsy Party and Human Rights Party founded on 17 July 2012
)</span></b><span style="font-family: Times;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Times;">Chronological Event Leading to
the announcement of the Final Result by the National Election Committee of
Cambodia</span></b><span style="font-family: Times;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #21150c; font-family: Times;">On 28</span><sup><span style="color: #21150c; font-family: Times;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">th</span></span></sup><span style="color: #21150c; font-family: Times;"> July 2013, I went to vote to fulfill my duty as a citizen of
Cambodia. In my designated Koh Kel commune, the result was very clear
CNRP won handsomely over CPP. In my voting room number 1267, CNRP
received 351 votes, while CPP had only 51 votes and other six parties
(Funcinpec, League for Democracy Party, Cambodian Nationality Party, Khmer
Anti-Poverty Party, Khmer Economic Development Party, and Democratic Republican
Party) got a combined of 9 votes. This is my personal recollection of a
chronological event leading to the release of the final result announced
by NEC on 8</span><sup><span style="color: #21150c; font-family: Times;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">th</span></span></sup><span style="color: #21150c; font-family: Times;"> September 2013. To compile this examination, I used my personal observation and many outside sources namely the local newspapers (The Cambodia Daily, Phnom Penh Post,...) and other national and international
articles.</span><span style="font-family: Times;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #21150c; font-family: Times;">Introduction: </span></b><span style="color: #21150c; font-family: Times;">After the brutal
regime of the Khmer Rouge regime, and the signing 1991 Paris Agreements, the
first election in Cambodia was held in May 1993 and drew a big turnout of just
under 90%. The official <b>result of the 1993 election</b> was the opposition
royalist Funcinpec party won 58 seats, the opposition Buddhist Liberal
Democratic Party (BLDP) 10 seats, and the opposition Molinaka party 1 seat and
The CPP won 51 seats. The CPP was shocked as they lost to
Funcinpec. Hun Sen and his party strongly rejected the result and
protested irregularities to UNTAC. They also threatened secession
of the eastern provinces. King Sihanouk intervened by appointing Prince
Ranariddh and Hun Sen as the world first co-prime ministers on 24 September
1993. The CPP controlled the armed forces, police, courts and
National Assembly leaving the winning party Funcinpec only in name. <b>In
the July 1998 election,</b> the official results gave the CPP 64 seats, Funcinpec 43 seats, the new Sam Rainsy Party 15, giving the CPP a
slim 64-58 majority in parliament. The opposition staged massive,
peaceful demonstrations and a large protest. Hun Sen send security forces into
Democracy Park in Phnom Penh to violently disperse protesters.</span><span style="color: #141414; font-family: Times;"> </span><span style="color: #21150c; font-family: Times;">With the pressure from the US, Prince
Ranariddh in November 1998 again had to make a deal to form a new coalition
government, this time with Funcinpec as a junior partner. In government, Funcinpec
had no effective power, as all decisions were taken by Hun Sen and the CPP.
Prince Ranariddh was made president of the National Assembly, and both
Funcinpec and the Sam Rainsy Party were given places on parliamentary
committees and remained in opposition.</span><span style="color: #141414; font-family: Times;"> </span><span style="color: #21150c; font-family: Times;"> But neither Prince Ranariddh nor opposition members of
parliament (MPs) had any power to overcome CPP objections and move legislation
through parliament or to hold the executive branch accountable. <b>The
2003 election</b> yielded the CPP 73 seats, Funcinpec 26 seats and the Sam
Rainsy Party 24 seats. The opposition refused to vote in a new government, as
the two/thirds rule applied, until the CPP agreed to a broad package of
fundamental reforms to make Cambodia’s political and electoral system more democratic.
It held out once again for 11 months before Funcinpec gave in and agreed to a
60-40 division of ministerial positions and a much more limited reform agenda. <b>In
the 2008 elections</b>, the CPP, which had total control of National Election
Committee, state media and state coffers, won 90 seats, while the SRP won 26 seats, Human Rights Party 3 seats,
Funcinpec 2 seats, and Norodom Ranarridh 2 seats. Hun Sen and the CPP were able
to quickly form a government in 2008, this time without opposition
participation after the CPP super-majority in the National Assembly had amended
the constitution to require only a simple majority vote of members of
parliament to form a government in 2006. The EU officially observed
the election and concluded that it did not meet international standards.
From 2008-2013, in the National Assembly the CPP booted opposition members off
committees and limited their ability to raise issues or engage in
debates. The question remains: <b>Will the 28</b></span><b><sup><span style="color: #21150c; font-family: Times;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">th</span></span></sup></b><b><span style="color: #21150c; font-family: Times;"> July 2013 elections be any
different? Will this election be free and just? Will the CPP still dominate the Cambodian politics? Do the Cambodian people want change or status quo?</span></b><span style="color: #21150c; font-family: Times;"> Here are the chronological
events of the 2013 election leading to the final result:</span><span style="font-family: Times;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Times;">28</span></b><b><sup><span style="font-family: Times;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">th</span></span></sup></b><b><span style="font-family: Times;"> July
2013:</span></b><span style="font-family: Times;"> around 5:30pm, Sam Rainsy from the opposition party CNRP announced that
his party won the election. He later retracted the result due to unknown
reasons. Khieu Kanharith, Minister of Information, announced preliminary
results at around 7:30pm in Facebook claiming the <b>CPP won 68 (3.2 million
votes) and CNRP 55 (2.9 million votes). </b><span style="color: #141414;">Voters
turnout this year is 68.49% (6,627,159 valid votes out of 9,675,453 registered
votes). The preliminary result of this election showed that a good number
of the Cambodian people are extremely frustrated and dissatisfied with the
ruling party and the existing order. They believe that the society is so
corrupted and needs a fundamental change. </span>The ruling party CPP cannot
force views on its members and the general population and needs a major reform.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Times;">29</span></b><b><sup><span style="font-family: Times;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">th</span></span></sup></b><b><span style="font-family: Times;"> July
2013:</span></b><span style="font-family: Times;"> Sam Rainsy claimed massive electoral fraud, rejected the results of
Sunday’s election and called for an independent investigation consisting of
members of opposition and CPP as well the U.N., representatives of foreign
governments and NGOs. He told local and international journalists and the
audience at CNRP head office, “In one word, we don’t accept the election
results.” Transparency International and the Committee for Free and Fair
Elections in Cambodia (Comfrel) have both reported observing widespread voting
irregularities on Sunday.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Times;">30</span></b><b><sup><span style="font-family: Times;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">th</span></span></sup></b><b><span style="font-family: Times;"> July
2013:</span></b><span style="font-family: Times;"> the ruling party CPP and the opposition CNRP have each claimed
victory. CPP said they won 68, while CNRP claimed they won a minimum of
63. NEC will issue official preliminary result on 12 August 2013. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Times;">31</span></b><b><sup><span style="font-family: Times;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">st</span></span></sup></b><b><span style="font-family: Times;"> July
2013:</span></b><span style="font-family: Times;"> after spending several days in seclusion in his first public
appearance, Prime Minister Hun Sen said his ruling party will participate in an
investigation into alleged fraud and irregularities during Sunday’s election
with a conciliatory tone. He also spoke of a separate committee to
negotiate with the opposition on the make up of a new National Assembly
comprised of Interior Minister Sar Kheng, Acting Senate President Say Chhum,
and Deputy Prime Minister Sok An. The US state department called for a
“credible” investigation into allegations and irregularities. On the
other front, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs urged all countries not to back
the opposition party CNRP in response to the US State Department ‘s, EU, and
Japan call for an investigation into election’s day alleged fraud and
irregularities. China and Hungary are the only two countries to expressly
endorse the elections as free, fair, and transparent.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Times;">1</span></b><b><sup><span style="font-family: Times;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">st</span></span></sup></b><b><span style="font-family: Times;"> August
2013: </span></b><span style="font-family: Times;">NEC rejected joint party vote investigation into alleged frauds and
irregularities. CNRP seeks to conduct an investigation outside NEC and
called for an independent investigation in to the election.<b> </b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Times;">2</span></b><b><sup><span style="font-family: Times;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">nd</span></span></sup></b><b><span style="font-family: Times;"> August
2013:</span></b><span style="font-family: Times;"> Prime Minister Hun Sen warned that if opposition CNRP newly elected
members fail to take their seat in Parliament before the end of 60-day deadline
for the formation of a new government, those seats would be given to the CPP
based on NEC regulations. His interpretation of the constitution has been
widely challenged.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Times;">3</span></b><b><sup><span style="font-family: Times;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">rd</span></span></sup></b><b><span style="font-family: Times;"> August
2013: </span></b><span style="font-family: Times;">The UN released a statement stating that Secretary General Mr. Ban
Ki-Moon welcomed the peaceful conduct of the election <i>but supported an
investigation into alleged irregularities</i>. Philip Sen, a spokesman
for the UN’s mission in Cambodia said that the UN had yet to receive a request
from either party to participate as a member or observer in any investigation
into election irregularities. NEC hosted a representative from CPP and
CNRP to discuss the creation of a committee to investigate irregularities.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Times;">9</span></b><b><sup><span style="font-family: Times;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">th</span></span></sup></b><b><span style="font-family: Times;"> August
2013:</span></b><span style="font-family: Times;"> representative from the CPP and CNRP met to discuss the formation of
the joint committee and failed to come to an agreement over what the group
would lead the investigation. CPP wanted a joint committee that included
NEC, while CRNP proposed an observer from the United Nations and the presence
of International NGOs. Neither party came to the table in a spirit of
compromise, only with demands for other party to yield. The army moved at
least six canon-mounted armored personnel carriers into the city to control the
political tension.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Times;">12 August
2013:</span></b><span style="font-family: Times;"> in the midst of talk between CPP and CNRP, NEC announced official
preliminary election results that supported Information Minister Khieu
Kanharith’s claim of CPP victory (CPP: 68, CNRP: 55). CNRP was still
committed to finding a political resolution.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Times;">20 August
2013:</span></b><span style="font-family: Times;"> representative from the CPP and CNRP met again to discuss the formation
of the joint committee and failed again to come to an agreement over what the
group would lead the investigation. CPP objected to any foreign
involvement, while CRNP didn’t want NEC to be part of the investigation
committee. So far, only a handful of countries have endorsed the
preliminary results of the election results released by the NEC. Vietnam,
Myanmar, Laos, China, Hungary, and Belarus are the only countries to have
officially recognized the CPP’s victory. <b> </b>US and Australian
diplomats in Phnom-Penh renewed their request for an investigation to election
irregularities.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Times;">21 August
2013:</span></b><span style="font-family: Times;"> Visiting Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi congratulated the victory of
Prime Minister Hun Sen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Times;">25</span></b><b><sup><span style="font-family: Times;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">th</span></span></sup></b><b><span style="font-family: Times;"> August
2013: </span></b><span style="font-family: Times;">more than 20000 people attended CNRP rally at Freedom Park to listen to
party leaders Sam Rainsy and Kem Sokha to report election related developments
to the voters, and to listen to their thoughts about the next course of actions
as well. I was at the rally. I attended 3 other rallies two in
Kandal province and the other in Kien Say district. The opposition party
still holds firm on their demand for justice by launching an unbiased
investigation into the contentious election results.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Times;">28</span></b><b><sup><span style="font-family: Times;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">th</span></span></sup></b><b><span style="font-family: Times;"> August
2013:</span></b><span style="font-family: Times;"> CNRP announced that it will hold a mass demonstration on 7</span><sup><span style="font-family: Times;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">th</span></span></sup><span style="font-family: Times;">
September 2013 against the preliminary result one day before final results are
expected to be released by the Constitutional Council of Cambodia. The
government sent a letter to foreign embassies and local and international NGOs
to warn them about a coup by the opposition party to illegally overthrow the
elected CPP-led government. By employing troops throughout the capital
city and tanks, CPP has used threat as a legitimate political strategy to
scare the population and the street protestors.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Times;">1</span></b><b><sup><span style="font-family: Times;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">st</span></span></sup></b><b><span style="font-family: Times;"> and 4</span></b><b><sup><span style="font-family: Times;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">th</span></span></sup></b><b><span style="font-family: Times;">
September 2013: </span></b><span style="font-family: Times;">CRNP rehearsed non-violent and peaceful protest for
7</span><sup><span style="font-family: Times;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">th</span></span></sup><span style="font-family: Times;"> September 2013 showdown, while CPP gave a special
training to 2000 anti riot police on how to handle mass demonstration.
CNRP switched from calls for protest to calls for peace and prayer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: Times;">6</span></b><b><sup><span style="font-family: Times;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">th</span></span></sup></b><b><span style="font-family: Times;">
September 2013:</span></b><span style="font-family: Times;"> The Situation Room, a conglomerate of 21 NGOs and
election monitors established to oversee the July 28 poll, found serious
problems preceding and during the election. More than 10,000 cases of voting
irregularities were found across the nation but were especially alarmed by
reports from Kandal province, where Prime Minister Hun Sen was the CPP’s No. 1
candidate for a seat in the National Assembly. “The entire election
process was neither free and fair. The election results do not fully
reflect the will of the voters,” stated the joint statement. The
Constitutional Council rejected all the complaints related to the
irregularities during the 28 July national election. The National
Election Committee and the Constitutional Council of Cambodia are not
considered neutral. Both have strong ties to the ruling CPP.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: Times;">7</span></b><b><sup><span style="font-family: Times;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">th</span></span></sup></b><b><span style="font-family: Times;">
September 2013: </span></b><span style="font-family: Times;">more than 40000 people (based on my
observation) attended the massive demonstration at Freedom Park to contest the
election’s result tarnished with voting irregularities and frauds. The
opposition party used this event as a direct democracy to make calls for change
– the urgent need to remove the CPP from power. “Our forest is destroyed
and other natural resources are destroyed. We should come together in
solidarity to help our mother (country),” said Sam Rainsy to the crowd.
There were ten of thousands security personnel deployed and riot police
officers in and around Phnom-Penh to maintain order and treat people from coming.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: Times;">8</span></b><b><sup><span style="font-family: Times;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">th</span></span></sup></b><b><span style="font-family: Times;">
September 2013: </span></b><span style="font-family: Times;">the National Election Committee released the final
and official 2013 election result, which confirmed a win by the ruling party
awarded CPP with parliamentary 68 and 55 to CNRP. From the government
view, this announcement shut the door for </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span><span style="font-family: Times;">the talk of an impartial
investigation into the election’ irregularities. But CNRP rejected
the fabricated outcome and will continue to protest to demand an independent
investigation of the 28 July vote.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<b><span style="font-family: Times;">Final
Reflection:</span></b><span style="font-family: Times;"> The '8 September 2013' date was a sad day for democracy and the
people of Cambodia to hear and bear this unjust result. The election
result definitely didn't reflect the will of the voters based on my observation
and the majority of the people. I foresee many daunting challenges ahead
for both parties, especially the ruling party. CPP needs to change their
style of governing to run the country. Most of the people of
Cambodia don't trust them anymore. Good cannot come from force.
On the other hand, CNRP will have to fight harder and smarter to get what
the people want and demand - free and fair election, justice, rule of law,
quality education, jobs, livable wages, equal treatment and
opportunity,... With the strong support of the mass, CNRP has to be
creative to play the right card by engaging everybody in the fight for justice
and truth that include the people from the ruling party. CNRP must
bring not just hope but also faith to the mass. The question now is how
the international community reacts to this official announcement especially the
US, EU, Australia, and Japan. History has taught us that only the mass
can overthrow a totalitarian regime. We will see in the next massive
demonstrations how much the leaders of the opposition party leaders and our
people are willing to sacrifice for this change. I have noticed that a
good number of the nation’s youth rejected the values of their parents (status
quo). They want fundamental change. They want social justice, good
education, jobs, living wage, rule of law, and equal opportunity and
equality. In general, most of the poor and vulnerable people in Cambodia
are very frustrated and extremely dissatisfied with the existing order.
They propose to change the present system because they believe that the society
is so corrupt and only CNRP can help them defeat and end this status quo.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Times;"> </span><!--EndFragment-->
Sovachana Pouhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02414740236454935245noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5258157093633067471.post-11981933685939550002013-06-25T04:36:00.001-07:002013-06-25T04:36:17.593-07:00Cambodia Real Situation
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">The Faces of Poverty in Phnom Krom, Siem Reap</span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Cambodia Real Situation</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">“When people fear their government, there is
tyranny; when the government fears the people, there is liberty.” ~ Thomas
Jefferson<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Cambria;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Cambria;">For almost a decade,
Cambodia has achieved a remarkable economic growth of almost 10 percent per
year.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>After the global economic crisis
in 2008 to 2009, Cambodia’s gross domestic product (GDP) reached a four-year
high of 7.2 percent in 2012, driven mainly by strong consumption, tourism,
agriculture, and higher inflows of direct investment (Asian Development Bank).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The outlook for 2013 is forecast at 7.2
percent and picking up to 7.5 percent next year as recovery in Europe and the
US takes hold. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In light of this commendable
growth and development, poverty persists, inequality widens, corruption remains
pervasive and the rule of law is rather an empty content.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">The ultimate objective of
any meaningful development is to raise the standard of living of the people and
end poverty and inequality. For ordinary Cambodians, this high growth has brought
hope and a sense of optimism.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>While the
government promises inclusive growth, the benefits have not been evenly
distributed and widening inequalities of wealth distribution are sweeping which
has resulted in sizeable disparities between the rich and the poor, and between
urban and rural areas. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to the report
from the UN Capital fund in 2010 on local development, 3.7 million people were
estimated to live below the poverty threshold, including 92 percent of the poor
residing in the countryside of which only 10 percent own a title to their land.
The controversial enactment of land-titling program initiated by Prime Minister
Hun Sen from June 2012 through May 2013 claimed to have distributed more than
125,000 land titles to the countryside people (The Cambodia Daily, June 14,
2013).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Turning Cambodia’s sense of hope
and optimism into better tangible results, like establishing clear policies on local
rural development program with a more equal model of growth that aim to broaden
access to quality education, health care services, land rights, infrastructure
and irrigation, are among the most significant challenges facing Cambodia
today. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: Cambria;">In Cambodia, too many leaders and most influential government
officials remain unaccountable to the people.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The love of power, extreme corruption at all levels, money, and selfish
deeds are the root of all evils.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Top
leaders are overly obsessed with how they “look” and undervalue how poor people
live and feel. </span><span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt;">They
solve one problem only to create countless others for example by giving land
concessions to potential investors for the sake of development, the local
people suffer. </span><span style="font-family: Cambria;">They live their life
based on what they want as opposed to what they can do to help the
vulnerable.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-size: 17.0pt;">Freedom is often misnamed
permission: the license of a wealthy figure to pursue his own interests
regardless of consequences. </span><span style="font-family: Cambria;">They put
an overemphasis on getting an immediate remedy, instant gratification while
they ignore the problems that got them there in the first place.</span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-size: 24.0pt;"> <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: Cambria;">The fact that the Cambodian people have courts
doesn’t necessarily mean they have justice and egalitarian law.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The fact that Cambodia has a functioning
government doesn’t automatically mean people have real democracy, especially in
regards to freedom of expression and the freedom to gather.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
fact that in Cambodia “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">what powerful
people say will be typically right, and what small people say will be typically
wrong” </i>is real<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></i>In Cambodia, it is typical for the high-ranking
government officials to use their power to punish political opponents and
secure impunity for political allies.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: Cambria;">For instance, </span><span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt;">Mam Sonando, </span><span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia;">owner of independent
Behive radio station, </span><span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt;">was arrested on 15 July 2012 for alleged
insurrection, a so-called a secessionist movement in Broma village, Kratie province.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was charged and accused of aiding a
separatist movement by the prime minister in his speech on June 26, 2012.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to Amnesty International and right
groups and media watchdogs, his arrest was politically motivated and fabricated
by the government for a violent eviction of hundreds of families at Kratie’s
Broma village, in which a 14-year old was shot to death.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>People can see that when the powerful leader
decides that he wants to punish someone, it can be done so quickly.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This illustrates a double standard that we see
and witness. It is also common practice that military and police officers, and
other well connected government officials who are involved in human rights
crimes, such as shooting innocent people walk free without charges or ever
appearing in court.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As an example, Chhouk
Bundith, the former governor of Bavet city, remains free after he allegedly
shot three female victims on February 20, 2012, in front of Koaway Sport
Factory (The Cambodia Daily, December 19, 2012).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This outcome is a good illustration of how a
strong patronage system works in Cambodia. </span><span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria;">The </span><span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria;">tragedy of life here is what dies in the hearts and
souls of the victims while they live.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Cambria;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>The “money is everything”
philosophy can be seen and felt everywhere in Cambodia, and corruption remains
a way of life.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For years, it has greased
the wheels of the economy and the political landscape in Cambodia.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“Money Politics” is the “Mother of All
Corruption.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cambodia faces a daunting
task in challenging a deeply embedded culture of “Money Politics.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cambodia’s system of political patronage, in
which well-connected tycoons are favored for state contracts, has long been
viewed as a breeding ground for corruption.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Everyone knows that relationship and connections are very important.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to investors and the Foreign
Business Leaders, 55 percent of businesses felt that the anti corruption law,
which was implemented since 2010, showed no effect in stamping out
bribery.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Most businesses are threatened
with corruption in all walks of life from the custom office to the court
system. Only firms with connections to the government get favorable business
conditions such as in paying tax and following regulations <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: Cambria;">In Cambodia, the winning party, in terms of media,
military, police, and economy, systematically control everything. </span><span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Crony corruption and
political patronage is deeply embedded in Cambodia, largely because of its
system of special privileges to politician, especially government contracts
that tend to go well-connected tycoons.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>While under-the-table payments are relatively a common thing, what
multinational companies object to most is the crony corruption that gives
special privileges to selected groups with high government connections, those
winning plum government projects. </span><span style="font-family: Cambria;">Administrative
work, commercial trading and negotiations of social life are settled not based
on current laws or rules but often through individual orders or instructions by
those in power, mostly high ranking government officials<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></b>This is what I call the
rule of ONE MAN. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>With this type of
leadership, there is a moral deterioration because the well-connected “Oknha”
(business tycoons) pursue material gains as freely as they desire.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">In Cambodia,
there is certainly no evidence of any significant improvement in governance,
and if anything the evidence suggests a deterioration, at the very least, in
key dimensions such as regulatory quality, rule of law, and control of
corruption.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For years, Transparency
International has placed Cambodia as one of the most corrupted nations in the
world.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><strong><span style="font-family: Cambria; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">In
2012, Cambodia was ranked 157 out 176 most corrupted countries.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></strong><span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Corruption costs and erodes revenues.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It creates a culture that allows government
officials to rationalize stealing from the administration and can lead to
financial crisis.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We have to have a
moral environment where laws are clean and enforceable so people are afraid to
break them. Furthermore, </span><span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt;">Cambodia’s judicial system is
generally recognized to lack legal know-how and political independence.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to the report issued in September
2010 by UN human rights envoy Surya Subedy, the judiciary of Cambodia is
corrupted and incompetent.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The report
stated, “Corruption seems to be widespread at all level of the judiciary.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria;">Nothing</span><span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria;"> has changed much. I wish we could stand
here today and say everything is moving forward. It is not. Our present government
doesn’t provide equal treatment and basic needs to the people. </span><span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt;">There comes a point where
we have to accept that the system is not working. </span><span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt;">Cambodia
needs more than wealth to be prosperous. </span><span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">It needs a change in direction. </span><span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt;">It
needs political reform, an end to corruption and the culture of impunity.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It needs to provide better public services
ranging from hospitals to schools to roads and governmental forces.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It needs to empower its citizens with human rights
and freedom of expression.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It needs to
hold all politicians accountable for people’s wellbeing and security.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It needs decent health care for all the
people.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It needs better schools to
educate all its children.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It needs to
develop a society in which people trust one another. It needs to foster a
climate of know how entrepreneurship.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It
needs business opportunities not only for the wealthier but also for the
majority. It needs </span><span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">meaningful development that will benefit the masses instead of the
few.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Chinese philosopher Lao Tzu
expounded: “If you do not change direction, you end up where you are heading.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: Georgia; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt;">None
of these elements are achievable without the rule of law and effective
democratic governments who put their people first. </span><span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: Verdana;">The laws are
there.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They are quite detailed and
good.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And there are significant
penalties for breaking the provisions. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>But there is little implementation and poor
enforcement.</span><span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The constitution of Cambodia states everyone
is subject to the law and no one, no matter how powerful and important, is
above the law.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However, Prime Minister Hun
Sen is exceptional. On June 13, 2013, at the inauguration of the new offices of
the National Center in Phnom-Penh, he admitted publicly to breaking the law and
he said that it was perfectly acceptable to save Khem Sokha, the opposition
leader, when he ordered police not to arrest him for an alleged sexual
relationship with a 15-year-old girl (The Cambodia Daily “Hun Sen Defends His
Decision to Break The Law” June 20, 2013).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;">
<span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.0pt;">The government must pay
attention more to the needs and welfare of its citizens. The current emphasis
on economic development shouldn’t override democratization and human
rights.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According to data from rights
group Licadho, local and foreign firms now control 3.9 million hectares of land
concession, or more 22 percent of Cambodia’s total surface.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Almost everyday in the local media, we see
reports of clashes between communities and concession holders.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The land grabbing issue is the latest example
of the state struggling to meet the needs of its citizens, needs as basic as
providing clean water, decent housing, health care, social justice and
education. </span><span style="font-family: Cambria;">One Cambodian woman
described good governance as:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“A good
government is a government that does not abuse the people, that gives the
people the land back, and that allows people to earn a living.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.0pt;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Cambria;">I believe if there is any real progress and
prosperity, it will come through being, not having.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Real change may only come when people get
more and better educated and learn to speak their own mind openly without fear
of oppression. As Jimi Hendrix, songwriter and musician, stated, “When the
power of love overcomes the love of power,” then real development and
prosperity will flourish and Cambodia will know real peace and harmony.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Finally, </span><span style="font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria;">if today all
the children of Cambodia are provided with primary health care, good nutrition,
quality basic education, access to safe drinking water and sanitation, and the
protection from neglect, abuse, and violence, 10 years down the road, Cambodian
society will be completely different from the direction it is heading today.</span></div>
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<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<!--EndFragment-->Sovachana Pouhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02414740236454935245noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5258157093633067471.post-27608305126913904302013-06-15T17:13:00.000-07:002013-06-15T17:13:40.029-07:00The Power of ONE Choice<!--StartFragment-->
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #6d6d6d; font-family: 'Lucida Grande'; font-size: 15px;"><br /></span></div>
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<!--EndFragment-->
Sovachana Pouhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02414740236454935245noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5258157093633067471.post-22659753224003049852013-03-18T17:17:00.001-07:002013-03-18T17:17:46.223-07:00My Integrity and Yours<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; mso-bidi-font-family: "Lucida Grande";"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; mso-bidi-font-family: "Lucida Grande";"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; mso-bidi-font-family: "Lucida Grande";"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; mso-bidi-font-family: "Lucida Grande";"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; mso-bidi-font-family: "Lucida Grande";"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; mso-bidi-font-family: "Lucida Grande";"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; mso-bidi-font-family: "Lucida Grande";"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; mso-bidi-font-family: "Lucida Grande";"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; mso-bidi-font-family: "Lucida Grande";"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; mso-bidi-font-family: "Lucida Grande";"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif; mso-bidi-font-family: "Lucida Grande";">Picture courtesy of The Tricycle Newsletter</span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Character building starts with having integrity; to act according with a sense of what is right or wrong, good or bad, permissible or impermissible. </span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">You
and I will never be sorry:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">For thinking before speaking,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">For being loyal to your monastery,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">For standing for your principles,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">For bridling a slanderous tongue,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">For stopping your ears to gossip,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">For harboring only pure thoughts,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">For sympathizing with the afflicted,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">For being courteous and generous to the needy,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 36.0pt;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">For being kind to ALL!</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Cambria;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--EndFragment-->Sovachana Pouhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02414740236454935245noreply@blogger.com0